Developing a predictive understanding of harmful cyanbacteria growth, toxins production and comparative toxicity across environmentally important gradients of n:p and salinity

对环境重要的 n:p 和盐度梯度中有害蓝藻的生长、毒素产生和相对毒性进行预测性了解

• 批准号: 10218175
• 负责人: BRYAN WILLIAM BROOKS
• 金额: $ 17.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-30 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10218175
• 关键词: Affect; Algae; Anabaena flos-aquae; Anatoxins; Antibiotic Resistance; Attention; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Chemicals; Code; Cyanobacterium; Cyanotoxin; Cylindrospermopsis; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Disinfection; Droughts; Ecosystem; Environment and Public Health; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Event; Exposure to; Floods; Frequencies; Fresh Water; Goals; Growth; Health; Human; Incidence; Inflammation; Knowledge; Lead; Linear Models; Liquid substance; Methods; Microcystis aeruginosa; Microscopic; Modeling; Monitor; Nitrogen; Non-linear Models; Nutrient; Oceans; Phosphorus; Play; Population; Precipitation; Prevention strategy; Production; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Recreation; Resources; Risk; Role; Safety; Saline; Saxitoxin; Seafood; South Carolina; Surface; Techniques; Temperature; Toxic effect; Toxin; Trace metal; United States Public Health Service; Universities; Vibrio; Vibrio Infections; Virulence; Water; climate change; comparative; cyanobacterial toxin; cyanoginosin LR; cylindrospermopsin; drinking water; experimental study; harmful algal blooms; hazard; health assessment; microcystin; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; prevent; response; sea level rise; stoichiometry; tool; trait; water quality; water quality model

PROJECT SUMMARY This project will specifically support achieving the overarching goal of the University of South Carolina Center (USC Center) and its overall Specific Aim, which includes assessing the effects of climate change (through alterations in temperature, salinity, pH and biogeochemical cycling of trace metals and microplastics) on the antibiotic resistance and/virulence of Vibrio bacteria and the growth and toxins production by cyanobacteria that adversely affect drinking water, contact recreation and seafood safety exposure to humans, which may lead to increases in Vibrio infections, increased inflammation and disease (e.g., Non Alcoholic Liver Disease) in humans. Though we have known for decades that nutrient enrichment of surface waters can lead to excessive algal growth, including the development of harmful algal blooms (HABs), the causes and consequences of toxins produced by these blooms has recently received heightened attention from environmental public health practitioners. Nutrient enrichment, primarily from phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), increases the frequency and magnitude of blooms along the freshwater to marine continuum. However, less is known about how the stoichiometric interactions between N and P across environmentally relevant gradients, particularly in combination with salinity, may influence the growth, toxins production and comparative toxicity of cyanobacteria HABs. Climate change can affect incidents of HABs and salinity, which can be altered by both changes in precipitation (droughts or floods) and sea level rise. Whereas ecological studies and monitoring activities have previously examined “toxicity,” these efforts are routinely limited by absence of robust analytical quantitation of diverse toxins produced by specific HAB species and comparative toxicity exerted through multiple mechanisms of action including major alterations in water quality conditions resulting in differential risks to human health and ecosystems. This represents a critical consideration for management of water resources and protection of human health because algae growth does not necessarily predict toxins production, yet routine monitoring and surveillance activities, an essential environmental public health service, when these efforts do exist, use microscopic methods for cyanobacteria and thus do not quantify the presence of toxins. If toxins analysis occurs, it most commonly uses ELISA techniques to check for presence of microcystins. Further, commonly used water quality models lack inputs for toxins production, which inherently limits predictive capacity of HAB events. Some species of cyanobacteria have evolved unique adaptations to promote their growth under N-deficient conditions, but it remains unknown whether or not these traits actively exist simultaneously with toxins production. Developing predictive growth, toxins production and comparative toxicity models, proposed through the Specific Aims of this project, for cyanobacteria that commonly dominate toxic HAB events across relevant environmental gradients is thus imperative for forecasting, diagnosing and preventing human health risks presented by algal toxins, which appear to represent a transformative threat to water resources assessment and management.

项目概要 该项目将特别支持实现南卡罗来纳大学中心的总体目标 （南加州大学中心）及其总体具体目标，其中包括评估气候变化的影响（通过 温度、盐度、pH 值的变化以及微量金属和微塑料的生物地球化学循环） 弧菌的抗生素耐药性和/毒力以及蓝藻的生长和毒素产生 对人类的饮用水、接触性娱乐和海鲜安全接触产生不利影响，这可能 导致弧菌感染增加、炎症和疾病增加（例如非酒精性肝病） 在人类中。尽管我们几十年来就知道地表水的营养富集会导致 藻类过度生长，包括有害藻华 (HAB) 的发展、原因和 这些水华产生的毒素的后果最近受到了高度关注 环境公共卫生从业者。养分富集，主要来自磷（P）和氮（N）， 增加了淡水到海洋连续体上水华的频率和规模。然而，少的是 了解 N 和 P 之间的化学计量相互作用如何跨环境相关梯度， 特别是与盐度结合，可能会影响生长、毒素产生和相对毒性 蓝藻HAB。气候变化会影响赤潮事件和盐度，两者都可以改变 降水量变化（干旱或洪水）和海平面上升。鉴于生态研究和监测 以前曾检查过“毒性”的活动，但这些努力通常因缺乏可靠的分析而受到限制 对特定 HAB 物种产生的多种毒素进行定量，并通过比较毒性进行比较 多种作用机制，包括水质条件的重大变化，导致差异 对人类健康和生态系统的风险。这是水管理的一个重要考虑因素 资源和保护人类健康，因为藻类生长并不一定预示着毒素 生产，但日常监测和监视活动是一项重要的环境公共卫生服务， 当这些努力确实存在时，请使用显微镜方法检测蓝藻，因此不要量化其存在 的毒素。如果进行毒素分析，最常使用 ELISA 技术来检查是否存在 微囊藻毒素。此外，常用的水质模型缺乏毒素产生的输入，这本质上是 限制了 HAB 事件的预测能力。一些蓝藻物种已经进化出独特的适应能力 在缺氮条件下促进它们的生长，但尚不清楚这些性状是否积极 与毒素的产生同时存在。开发预测生长、毒素产生和比较 通过该项目的具体目标提出的毒性模型，针对通常占主导地位的蓝藻 因此，跨相关环境梯度的有毒HAB事件对于预测、诊断和预防至关重要。 预防藻类毒素带来的人类健康风险，这似乎对人类健康构成了变革性威胁 水资源评估和管理。