Developing a predictive understanding of harmful cyanbacteria growth, toxins production and comparative toxicity across environmentally important gradients of n:p and salinity

对环境重要的 n:p 和盐度梯度中有害蓝藻的生长、毒素产生和相对毒性进行预测性了解

• 批准号: 10218175
• 负责人: BRYAN WILLIAM BROOKS
• 金额: $ 17.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-30 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10218175
• 关键词: Affect; Algae; Anabaena flos-aquae; Anatoxins; Antibiotic Resistance; Attention; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Chemicals; Code; Cyanobacterium; Cyanotoxin; Cylindrospermopsis; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Disinfection; Droughts; Ecosystem; Environment and Public Health; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Event; Exposure to; Floods; Frequencies; Fresh Water; Goals; Growth; Health; Human; Incidence; Inflammation; Knowledge; Lead; Linear Models; Liquid substance; Methods; Microcystis aeruginosa; Microscopic; Modeling; Monitor; Nitrogen; Non-linear Models; Nutrient; Oceans; Phosphorus; Play; Population; Precipitation; Prevention strategy; Production; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Recreation; Resources; Risk; Role; Safety; Saline; Saxitoxin; Seafood; South Carolina; Surface; Techniques; Temperature; Toxic effect; Toxin; Trace metal; United States Public Health Service; Universities; Vibrio; Vibrio Infections; Virulence; Water; climate change; comparative; cyanobacterial toxin; cyanoginosin LR; cylindrospermopsin; drinking water; experimental study; harmful algal blooms; hazard; health assessment; microcystin; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; prevent; response; sea level rise; stoichiometry; tool; trait; water quality; water quality model

PROJECT SUMMARY This project will specifically support achieving the overarching goal of the University of South Carolina Center (USC Center) and its overall Specific Aim, which includes assessing the effects of climate change (through alterations in temperature, salinity, pH and biogeochemical cycling of trace metals and microplastics) on the antibiotic resistance and/virulence of Vibrio bacteria and the growth and toxins production by cyanobacteria that adversely affect drinking water, contact recreation and seafood safety exposure to humans, which may lead to increases in Vibrio infections, increased inflammation and disease (e.g., Non Alcoholic Liver Disease) in humans. Though we have known for decades that nutrient enrichment of surface waters can lead to excessive algal growth, including the development of harmful algal blooms (HABs), the causes and consequences of toxins produced by these blooms has recently received heightened attention from environmental public health practitioners. Nutrient enrichment, primarily from phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), increases the frequency and magnitude of blooms along the freshwater to marine continuum. However, less is known about how the stoichiometric interactions between N and P across environmentally relevant gradients, particularly in combination with salinity, may influence the growth, toxins production and comparative toxicity of cyanobacteria HABs. Climate change can affect incidents of HABs and salinity, which can be altered by both changes in precipitation (droughts or floods) and sea level rise. Whereas ecological studies and monitoring activities have previously examined “toxicity,” these efforts are routinely limited by absence of robust analytical quantitation of diverse toxins produced by specific HAB species and comparative toxicity exerted through multiple mechanisms of action including major alterations in water quality conditions resulting in differential risks to human health and ecosystems. This represents a critical consideration for management of water resources and protection of human health because algae growth does not necessarily predict toxins production, yet routine monitoring and surveillance activities, an essential environmental public health service, when these efforts do exist, use microscopic methods for cyanobacteria and thus do not quantify the presence of toxins. If toxins analysis occurs, it most commonly uses ELISA techniques to check for presence of microcystins. Further, commonly used water quality models lack inputs for toxins production, which inherently limits predictive capacity of HAB events. Some species of cyanobacteria have evolved unique adaptations to promote their growth under N-deficient conditions, but it remains unknown whether or not these traits actively exist simultaneously with toxins production. Developing predictive growth, toxins production and comparative toxicity models, proposed through the Specific Aims of this project, for cyanobacteria that commonly dominate toxic HAB events across relevant environmental gradients is thus imperative for forecasting, diagnosing and preventing human health risks presented by algal toxins, which appear to represent a transformative threat to water resources assessment and management.

项目摘要 该项目将具体支持实现南卡罗来纳州大学中心的总体目标 (USC中心）及其总体具体目标，其中包括评估气候变化的影响（通过 温度、盐度、pH值以及微量金属和微塑料的地球化学循环的变化） 弧菌属细菌的抗生素抗性和/或毒力以及蓝藻的生长和毒素产生 对饮用水、接触性娱乐活动和海产品安全接触造成不利影响， 导致弧菌感染增加，炎症和疾病增加（例如，非酒精性肝病） 在人类身上。尽管我们几十年前就知道，表层沃茨的营养富集会导致 藻类过度生长，包括有害藻华的发展，其原因和 这些水华产生的毒素的后果最近受到了来自 环境公共卫生从业人员。养分富集，主要来自磷（P）和氮（N）， 增加了沿着从淡水到海洋连续体的水华的频率和规模。然而， 已知N和P之间的化学计量相互作用如何跨越环境相关梯度， 特别是与盐度结合，可能会影响生长，毒素生产和比较毒性 蓝藻赤潮气候变化可影响有害藻华和盐度的发生，两者都可改变盐度。 降水量的变化（干旱或洪水）和海平面上升。而生态研究和监测 活动以前检查了“毒性”，这些努力通常受到缺乏强有力的分析的限制。 对特定有害藻华种类产生的不同毒素进行定量，并比较 多种作用机制，包括水质条件的重大改变， 危害人类健康和生态系统。这是水管理的一个重要考虑因素 资源和保护人类健康，因为藻类生长不一定预示着毒素 生产，但例行的监测和监督活动，一个基本的环境公共卫生服务， 当这些努力确实存在时，使用蓝藻的显微镜方法，因此不量化存在 毒素。如果进行毒素分析，最常用的方法是使用ELISA技术来检查是否存在毒素。 藻毒素。此外，通常使用的水质模型缺乏毒素产生的输入， 限制了赤潮事件的预测能力。一些种类的蓝藻已经进化出独特的适应性， 促进其生长在氮缺乏条件下，但仍然不清楚这些性状是否积极 与毒素生产同时存在。发展预测增长、毒素生产和比较 毒性模型，通过本项目的具体目标提出，通常占主导地位的蓝藻 因此，在相关环境梯度上的有毒HAB事件对于预测、诊断和 防止藻毒素对人类健康构成的风险，这似乎是对人类健康的一种变革性威胁， 水资源评估和管理。