Uncovering HIV/opioid effects in the brain at the single cell level: transcription, chromatin accessibility, and reservoir analysis in the SIV/cART/morphine/rhesus monkey model

项目摘要 一种支持单细胞阿片类药物反应的综合跨学科方法 艾滋病毒(SCOCH)计划扩展的背景：慢性阿片类药物、甲基苯丙胺、 和/或可卡因暴露于国家药物滥用研究所(NIDA)的RFA。我们将进行以下研究： 在金标SIV/非人类灵长类系统中，艾滋病毒致病和阿片类药物滥用的相互作用，使用 单细胞RNA测序(ScRNAseq)以评估单个细胞转录本。这将给我们带来 无与伦比的洞察力，了解病毒和药物对脑部关键区域不同类型细胞的影响 感染和阿片类药物滥用。此外，我们还将重点关注艾滋病毒的主要目标和驱动因素 神经发病机制，小胶质细胞和脑巨噬细胞，使用scRNAseq以及单细胞分析 转座酶可访问染色质测序(ScATACseq)以深入了解 单细胞水平的基因表达。这些将与最先进的敏感病毒检测相结合。 在大脑里。我们将确保我们的数据符合公平(可查找、可访问、可互操作和可重复使用) 标准，并将与SCARCH计划的其他成员密切合作，共享和传播数据至 给田野带来最大的进步。我们的实验是精心设计的，以解决病毒的作用， 药物及其相互作用，以及那些服用抗逆转录病毒药物的人的临床相关情况 抑制病毒，和那些不做的。我们的严谨和可重复性得益于我们详细的电源分析 具有适当的样本大小，以及我们的实验设计，以匹配阻止、复制和 随机化。这些研究的结果将为了解艾滋病毒和药物对中枢神经系统的影响提供新的见解 虐待。

Project Summary A comprehensive interdisciplinary approach proposed to support the Single Cell Opioid Responses in the Context of HIV (SCORCH) Program Expansion: CNS Data Generation for Chronic Opioid, Methamphetamine, and/or Cocaine Exposures RFA from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). We will perform studies on the interplay of HIV pathogenesis and opioid abuse in the gold-standard SIV/nonhuman primate system, using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to assess individual cellular transcriptomes. This will give us obtain unparalleled insight into the viral and drug-induced effects on diverse cell types in brain in regions critical for HIV infection and opioid abuse. In addition, we will also focus on primary targets of HIV and drivers of neuropathogenesis, microglia and brain macrophages, using scRNAseq as well as single-cell Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (scATACseq) to gain insight into the epigenetic regulation of gene expression at the single cell level. These will be combined with state-of-the-art sensitive assays for virus in the brain. We will ensure our data adhere to the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) standards, and will work closely with other members of the SCORCH program to share and disseminate data to yield maximal advancement to the field. Our experiments are carefully designed to address the role of virus, drugs, and their interactions, as well as include the clinically relevant scenarios of those taking antiretrovirals to suppress virus, and those who do not. Our rigor and reproducibility are facilitated by our detailed power analysis with proper sample sizes, as well as our experimental design to match the standards of blocking, replication and randomization. The results from these studies will provide novel insights into the CNS effects of HIV and drug abuse.