Creating Innovative Vaccine Messaging by Engaging in Patient-Centered Design with Non-Vaccinating Older Adults

通过与未接种疫苗的老年人进行以患者为中心的设计来创造创新的疫苗信息

• 批准号: 10219950
• 负责人: Aaron Michael Scherer
• 金额: $ 12.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10219950
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Advisory Committees; Advocacy; Affect; Age; Aging; Attitude; Award; Baseline Surveys; Behavior; Behavioral Mechanisms; Cessation of life; Chronic; Clinical; Coupled; Data; Development; Development Plans; Doctor of Philosophy; Elderly; Environment; Evaluation; Focus Groups; Foundations; Goals; Health; Health Care Costs; Health Services Research; Health behavior change; Health system; Healthy People 2020; Individual; Influenza; Influenza vaccination; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Iowa; Knowledge; Lead; Measures; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Patients; Pilot Projects; Population; Preventive Health Services; Preventive healthcare; Process; Psychologist; Psychometrics; Pulmonary Heart Disease; Randomized; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Science; Secure; Site; Surveys; Testing; Text; Training; Uncertainty; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vaccination; Vaccines; Work; age related; aged; base; behavior change; career; career development; cognitive interview; cost; design; economic cost; efficacy study; experimental study; health organization; healthy aging; immune function; improved; influenza infection; influenza virus vaccine; information processing; innovation; insight; lens; middle age; novel; patient oriented; psychologic; skills; social; social cognition; success; uptake; vaccination outcome; vaccine acceptance; vaccine efficacy; vaccine hesitancy; vaccine safety

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Candidate: Aaron Scherer, PhD is a social psychologist who utilizes insights from the psychological sciences to create innovative preventive healthcare interventions, primarily for health risks that affect adults aged ≥50. Dr. Scherer’s long-term career objective is to become an independent investigator leading multidisciplinary research teams in the design and evaluation of innovative, patient-centered interventions to optimize the delivery and utilization of preventive health services for middle-aged and older adults. Research Context: Age-associated changes in immune function and chronic conditions coupled with suboptimal influenza vaccination rates (50%) result in adults aged ≥50 accounting for 95% of the 50,000 influenza-associated deaths that occur every year. Unfortunately, vaccine messaging strategies that health organizations currently utilize to increase vaccine uptake have been ineffective and, in some cases have worsened vaccine attitudes. Motivations to satisfy psychological needs such as managing threats, reducing uncertainty, and achieve social goals may bias how people process vaccine-related information and vaccine outcomes. “Motivational fit”, an alignment with a motive that undermines adult vaccine uptake, may be a more effective mechanism of behavior change to target with vaccine interventions than current approaches. Specific Aims: 1) Identify which motives have the strongest associations with vaccine outcomes for adults aged ≥50; 2) Collaborate with vaccine-hesitant adults aged ≥50 to create influenza vaccine messages that have motivational fit; 3) Conduct a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of a vaccine messaging efficacy study. Research Plan: To accomplish these aims, Dr. Scherer will use a national, demographically-diverse online sample of adults aged ≥50 to identify four motives that are most strongly associated with vaccine uptake (i.e., largest effect sizes) for adults aged ≥50 and test whether scales measuring these motives need to be vaccine- specific. He will then collaborate with vaccine-hesitant adults aged ≥50 to develop and test influenza vaccine messages targeting each of the four motives. Finally, he will conduct a pilot study with a clinical population to evaluate the feasibility of conducting planned efficacy studies of the motivational fit vaccine messages. Career Development Plan: Dr. Scherer will develop 1) foundational content knowledge in the aging process to engage in aging research, and expertise in 2) psychometrics; 3) patient-centered design; and 4) health services research with adults aged ≥50. Dr. Scherer’s training goals will be supported by close mentorship from an interdisciplinary team; advanced didactic coursework; and other career development opportunities. Environment: The University of Iowa offers an ideal environment for Dr. Scherer to pursue his training; with mentorship from well-established experts, additional guidance from an advisory committee, and a department dedicated to his long-term success in becoming an independent investigator in healthy aging research.

项目概要/摘要 候选人：Aaron Scherer 博士是一位利用心理科学见解的社会心理学家 制定创新的预防性医疗干预措施，主要针对影响 50 岁以上成年人的健康风险。 Scherer 博士的长期职业目标是成为一名领导多学科的独立研究者 研究团队设计和评估创新的、以患者为中心的干预措施，以优化 为中老年人提供和利用预防性保健服务。 研究背景：与年龄相关的免疫功能变化和慢性病以及 流感疫苗接种率不理想（50%），导致 50 岁以上成年人占 50,000 人中的 95% 每年都会发生与流感相关的死亡。不幸的是，疫苗信息传递策略不利于健康 各组织目前用来增加疫苗接种的方法是无效的，在某些情况下还 对疫苗的态度恶化。满足心理需求的动机，例如管理威胁、减少威胁 不确定性和实现社会目标可能会影响人们处理疫苗相关信息和疫苗的方式 结果。 “动机契合”，即与破坏成人疫苗接种的动机相一致，可能是一种更有效的方法。 与目前的方法相比，通过疫苗干预措施实现行为改变的有效机制。 具体目标： 1) 确定哪些动机与成人疫苗结果最相关 年龄≥50岁； 2) 与 50 岁以上对疫苗犹豫不决的成年人合作，创建流感疫苗信息， 有动机契合； 3) 进行试点研究，评估疫苗信息功效研究的可行性。 研究计划：为了实现这些目标，谢勒博士将使用一个全国性的、人口多样化的在线数据库 对 50 岁以上的成年人进行样本分析，以确定与疫苗接种最密切相关的四种动机（即 最大效应量）针对 ≥50 岁的成年人，并测试衡量这些动机的量表是否需要疫苗接种 具体的。然后，他将与 50 岁以上对疫苗犹豫不决的成年人合作开发和测试流感疫苗 针对这四种动机的信息。最后，他将对临床人群进行一项试点研究 评估对动机适合疫苗信息进行计划功效研究的可行性。 职业发展计划：Scherer 博士将发展 1) 老龄化过程中的基础内容知识 从事老龄化研究，并具备2）心理测量学方面的专业知识； 3）以患者为中心的设计； 4）健康 针对 50 岁以上成年人的服务研究。 Scherer 博士的培训目标将得到密切指导的支持 来自跨学科团队；高级教学课程；以及其他职业发展机会。 环境：爱荷华大学为谢勒博士提供了理想的学习环境；和 来自知名专家的指导、咨询委员会和部门的额外指导 致力于成为健康老龄化研究独立研究者的长期成功。