Functional Redundancy of Human Microbiome and its Implication in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Functional Redundancy of Human Microbiome and its Implication in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
批准号:
10226202
负责人:
Yang-Yu LIU
金额:
$89.43万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-08-15 至 2024-07-31
关键词:
BehaviorClinicalClinical ResearchClostridium difficileCommunitiesComplexDataData AnalysesDiseaseEcologyEcosystemEngraftmentGastrointestinal DiseasesGenomicsGoalsHealthHumanHuman MicrobiomeInfectionInflammatory Bowel DiseasesIrritable Bowel SyndromeKnowledgeLightMeasuresMedicalMetagenomicsMethodsMissionModificationNatureNetwork-basedOrganismOutcomePatientsPhylogenetic AnalysisPhysiologyPlayPopulationPublic HealthRecurrenceResearchResistanceRoleSamplingSystemTaxonomyTestingTherapeutic InterventionTranslatingUnited States National Institutes of HealthWhole-Genome Shotgun SequencingWorkautism spectrum disorderbasedysbiosiseffective therapyfecal transplantationgut microbiomegut microbiotaimprovedinnovationmicrobial communitymicrobiomemicrobiotamicrobiota transplantationmicroorganismmodels and simulationnovel strategiesresiliencestool samplesuccesstranslational impact
中文摘要
项目摘要
共生微生物在人类生理和疾病中起着关键作用。 尽管迅速
扩大人类肠道微生物群组成的知识,我们对人类肠道微生物群的理解,
生态原则,管理高度复杂和动态的组装和恢复能力,
肠道微生物群的生态系统是基本的。这种知识差距随着新的
改变微生物群的方法,如粪便微生物群移植(FMT),正在被
作为治疗性干预措施。 拟议研究的总体目标是建立一个
生态框架,以了解FMT治疗复发性丙型肝炎的疗效。艰难梭菌感染(rCDI),
系统层面。 中心假设是,接受者的前FMT的功能冗余
微生物群的测定可用于预测供体微生物群植入的程度和预测免疫治疗的功效。
FMT。 功能冗余是生态学中的一个经典概念,是指在遗传学上,
不相关的物种在生态系统中执行类似的功能,因此它们可以在很少的情况下互换。
对整个生态系统的影响。 拟议研究的理由是,
了解FMT治疗rCDI的疗效有可能转化为更好地了解
它在治疗与微生物组破坏有关的各种其他疾病方面的功效。 指导
强有力的初步数据,中心假设将通过追求三个具体目标进行测试:1)发展
一种基于网络的方法来量化人类微生物组样本的样本内FR。 的
申请人的初步结果表明,微生物组样品的FR可以从其
分类概况和参考基因组内容网络。2)建立一个生态学框架来研究
微生物群落的FR与其对新物种的抗性之间的关系。工作
一种假设是,微生物群落的样本内FR越高,其抗性越强
防止物种添加,例如,通过FMT。生态建模/模拟和真实的数据分析
将进行验证这一假设。 3)临床研究,以测试FMT在以下方面的疗效较低:
治疗rCDI患者,在其术前FMT微生物群中具有较高FR。 接受者的粪便样本,
将收集它们各自的供体用于宏基因组全基因组鸟枪测序。
随后,研究了接受者的移植前FMT微生物群的FR、
供体-供体特异性物种在接受者的移植后FMT微生物群中,并且FMT功效将被定量地
分析了这种方法是创新的,因为它将重点从特定的分类群或功能转移到系统
使用网络和生态方法对人类肠道微生物组进行水平了解。 的
拟议的研究是重要的,因为它将提高我们对生态原则的理解,
FMT用于rCDI以及与破坏的微生物组相关的其他条件。
英文摘要
Project Summary
Commensal microorganisms play critical roles in human physiology and diseases. Despite rapidly
expanding knowledge of the composition of the human gut microbiota, our understanding of the
ecological principles that govern the assembly and resilience of the highly complex and dynamic
ecosystem of the gut microbiota is rudimentary. This knowledge gap becomes more problematic as new
approaches to modify the microbiota, such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), are being
developed as therapeutic interventions. The overall objective of the proposed studies is to construct an
ecological framework to understand the efficacy of FMT in treating recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI) at
the systems level. The central hypothesis is that the functional redundancy of the recipient’s pre-FMT
microbiota can be used to predict the extent of donor microbiota engraftment and predict the efficacy of
FMT. As a classical concept in ecology, functional redundancy (FR) means that phylogenetically
unrelated species perform similar functions in ecosystems so that they can be interchanged with little
impact on the overall ecosystem functioning. The rationale for the proposed research is that
understanding the efficacy of FMT in treating rCDI has the potential to translate into better understanding
of its efficacy in treating a variety of other diseases associated with disrupted microbiomes. Guided by
strong preliminary data, the central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: 1) Develop
a network-based method to quantify the within-sample FR of human microbiome samples. The
applicant’s preliminary results suggest that the FR of a microbiome sample can be calculated from its
taxonomic profile and a reference genomic content network. 2) Develop an ecological framework to study
the relationship between the FR of a microbial community and its resistance to new species. The working
hypothesis is that the higher the within-sample FR of a microbial community, the more resistant it is
against species addition, e.g., through FMT. Both ecological modeling/simulations and real data analysis
will be performed to verify this hypothesis. 3) Clinical study to test that FMT has a lower efficacy in
treating rCDI patients with higher FR in their pre-FMT microbiota. Stool samples from the recipients and
their respective donors will be collected for metagenomic whole genome shotgun sequencing.
Subsequently, the relationships among the FR of the recipients’ pre-FMT microbiota, the engraftment of
donor-specific species in the recipients’ post-FMT microbiota, and the FMT efficacy will be quantitatively
analyzed. The approach is innovative because it shifts focus from specific taxa or functions to a systems
level understanding of the human gut microbiome using network and ecological approaches. The
proposed research is significant because it will improve our understanding on the ecological principles of
FMT for rCDI as well for other conditions associated with disrupted microbiomes.
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会议论文
Functional Redundancy of Human Microbiome and its Implication in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
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批准号:10460355
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$89.43万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Yang-Yu LIU
-
依托单位:
Functional Redundancy of Human Microbiome and its Implication in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
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批准号:10668456
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$89.43万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Yang-Yu LIU
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依托单位:
国内基金
海外基金
Molecular Interaction Reconstruction of Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapies Using Clinical Data
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批准号:31070748
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项目类别:面上项目
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资助金额:34.0万元
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批准年份:2010
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负责人:Christine Nardini
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依托单位: