Functional Redundancy of Human Microbiome and its Implication in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Functional Redundancy of Human Microbiome and its Implication in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
批准号:
10460355
负责人:
Yang-Yu LIU
金额:
$89.43万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-08-15 至 2024-07-31
关键词:
BehaviorClinicalClinical ResearchClostridium difficileCommunitiesComplexDataData AnalysesDiseaseEcologyEcosystemEngraftmentGastrointestinal DiseasesGenomicsGoalsHealthHumanHuman MicrobiomeInfectionInflammatory Bowel DiseasesIrritable Bowel SyndromeKnowledgeLightMeasuresMedicalMetagenomicsMethodsMissionModificationNatureNetwork-basedOrganismOutcomePatientsPhylogenetic AnalysisPhysiologyPlayPopulationPublic HealthRecurrenceResearchResistanceRoleSamplingSystemTaxonomyTestingTherapeutic InterventionTranslatingUnited States National Institutes of HealthWhole-Genome Shotgun SequencingWorkautism spectrum disorderbasedysbiosiseffective therapyfecal transplantationgut microbiomegut microbiotaimprovedinnovationmicrobial communitymicrobiomemicrobiotamicrobiota transplantationmicroorganismmodels and simulationnovel strategiesresiliencestool samplesuccesstranslational impact
中文摘要
项目摘要
共生微生物在人类生理和疾病中发挥着关键作用。 尽管很快
扩大对人类肠道微生物群组成的认识,我们对
控制高度复杂和动态的组装和恢复力的生态原则
肠道微生物群的生态系统还很初级。 这种知识差距随着新的出现而变得更加成问题
改变微生物群的方法,例如粪便微生物群移植(FMT),正在被研究
作为治疗干预措施而开发。 拟议研究的总体目标是构建一个
生态框架,以了解 FMT 治疗复发性艰难梭菌感染 (rCDI) 的功效
系统级别。 中心假设是接受者 FMT 前的功能冗余
微生物群可用于预测供体微生物群植入的程度并预测其功效
FMMT。 作为生态学中的一个经典概念,功能冗余(FR)意味着在系统发育上
不相关的物种在生态系统中执行相似的功能,因此它们可以与很少的物种互换
对整个生态系统功能的影响。 拟议研究的基本原理是
了解 FMT 在治疗 RCDI 中的功效有可能转化为更好的理解
它在治疗与微生物组破坏相关的各种其他疾病方面的功效。 指导者
有了强有力的初步数据,中心假设将通过追求三个具体目标进行检验:1) 开发
一种基于网络的方法,用于量化人类微生物组样本的样本内 FR。 的
申请人的初步结果表明,微生物组样本的 FR 可以根据其
分类学概况和参考基因组内容网络。 2) 开发一个生态研究框架
微生物群落的FR与其对新物种的抵抗力之间的关系。 工作中
假设微生物群落的样本内 FR 越高,其抵抗力就越强
反对物种添加,例如通过 FMT。 生态建模/模拟和真实数据分析
将进行验证这一假设。 3) 临床研究测试 FMT 在以下方面的功效较低
治疗 FMT 前微生物群中 FR 较高的 rCDI 患者。 接受者的粪便样本以及
他们各自的捐赠者将被收集用于宏基因组全基因组鸟枪测序。
随后,接受者 FMT 前微生物群的 FR 之间的关系、植入
接受者 FMT 后微生物群中的供体特定物种,并且 FMT 功效将被定量
分析了。 该方法具有创新性,因为它将重点从特定的分类群或功能转移到了系统
使用网络和生态方法提高对人类肠道微生物组的了解。 的
拟议的研究意义重大,因为它将提高我们对生态原理的理解
FMT 适用于 rCDI 以及与微生物组破坏相关的其他病症。
英文摘要
Project Summary
Commensal microorganisms play critical roles in human physiology and diseases. Despite rapidly
expanding knowledge of the composition of the human gut microbiota, our understanding of the
ecological principles that govern the assembly and resilience of the highly complex and dynamic
ecosystem of the gut microbiota is rudimentary. This knowledge gap becomes more problematic as new
approaches to modify the microbiota, such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), are being
developed as therapeutic interventions. The overall objective of the proposed studies is to construct an
ecological framework to understand the efficacy of FMT in treating recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI) at
the systems level. The central hypothesis is that the functional redundancy of the recipient’s pre-FMT
microbiota can be used to predict the extent of donor microbiota engraftment and predict the efficacy of
FMT. As a classical concept in ecology, functional redundancy (FR) means that phylogenetically
unrelated species perform similar functions in ecosystems so that they can be interchanged with little
impact on the overall ecosystem functioning. The rationale for the proposed research is that
understanding the efficacy of FMT in treating rCDI has the potential to translate into better understanding
of its efficacy in treating a variety of other diseases associated with disrupted microbiomes. Guided by
strong preliminary data, the central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: 1) Develop
a network-based method to quantify the within-sample FR of human microbiome samples. The
applicant’s preliminary results suggest that the FR of a microbiome sample can be calculated from its
taxonomic profile and a reference genomic content network. 2) Develop an ecological framework to study
the relationship between the FR of a microbial community and its resistance to new species. The working
hypothesis is that the higher the within-sample FR of a microbial community, the more resistant it is
against species addition, e.g., through FMT. Both ecological modeling/simulations and real data analysis
will be performed to verify this hypothesis. 3) Clinical study to test that FMT has a lower efficacy in
treating rCDI patients with higher FR in their pre-FMT microbiota. Stool samples from the recipients and
their respective donors will be collected for metagenomic whole genome shotgun sequencing.
Subsequently, the relationships among the FR of the recipients’ pre-FMT microbiota, the engraftment of
donor-specific species in the recipients’ post-FMT microbiota, and the FMT efficacy will be quantitatively
analyzed. The approach is innovative because it shifts focus from specific taxa or functions to a systems
level understanding of the human gut microbiome using network and ecological approaches. The
proposed research is significant because it will improve our understanding on the ecological principles of
FMT for rCDI as well for other conditions associated with disrupted microbiomes.
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会议论文
Functional Redundancy of Human Microbiome and its Implication in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
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批准号:10668456
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$89.43万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Yang-Yu LIU
-
依托单位:
Functional Redundancy of Human Microbiome and its Implication in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
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批准号:10226202
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$89.43万
-
财政年份:2019
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负责人:Yang-Yu LIU
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依托单位:
国内基金
海外基金
Molecular Interaction Reconstruction of Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapies Using Clinical Data
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批准号:31070748
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项目类别:面上项目
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资助金额:34.0万元
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批准年份:2010
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负责人:Christine Nardini
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依托单位: