Pre-clinical Vaccine Development for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases

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The Virology Core has collaborated with other intramural NIAID labs to develop a MERS-CoV Spike protein subunit vaccine. A vaccine of adjuvanted MERS-CoV Spike protein subunit vaccine confers complete protection from MERS-CoV disease in alpaca and results in reduced and delayed viral shedding in the upper airways of dromedary camels. The data indicate that induction of robust neutralizing humoral immune responses by vaccination of nave animals reduces shedding that potentially could diminish the risk of zoonotic transmission. During the past year, we focused on isolation of monoclonal antibodies from SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and HKU-1 infected patients and vaccinated non-human primates. The monoclonal antibodies were analyzed for their binding and neutralization ability against different coronaviruses. This study successfully assessed some anti-coronavirus monoclonal antibodies with high potency and breath. Those monoclonal antibodies may have potential therapeutic application in fighting infection.