Perceptual mechanisms underlying reading difficulties in glaucoma

建议摘要 原发性开角型青光眼（POAG），以视网膜神经节进行性神经变性为特征 细胞和相关的视野缺陷，是美国失明的主要原因。的 主要观点是青光眼保留了中央视觉功能直到终末期。然而，在这方面， 越来越多的证据表明，即使是早期的青光眼损伤，包括视网膜病变， 视网膜神经纤维层和/或神经节细胞层厚度显著降低。平行于 生理学证据、行为学证据表明，各种中央视觉任务的功能缺陷， 例如阅读和面部识别，经常出现在青光眼患者中。令人惊讶的是，阅读 这些问题被认为是青光眼患者焦虑的主要来源。不过，目前， 我们不知道昏迷性损伤是如何阻碍模式识别的， 保留中央视野。我们也不知道有什么有效的办法来减轻这些赤字。即使 治疗控制疾病进展，现有视野缺陷的个体需要科普 视力受损因此，了解限制日常视觉功能的机制， 青光眼从临床和基础科学的角度来看都是重要的。拟议的研究将建立在 从我们的初步工作和几十年的人类的理论工作的经验发现， 模式视觉，以便在我们对中央视觉功能的理解中取得根本性的进展。 青光眼这项研究的主要目的是了解青光眼是如何破坏中枢神经系统的。 模式视野，并将这些知识应用于指导制定有效的康复策略， 优化青光眼患者的剩余视力。具体而言，我们的具体目标是：（1）了解 脑损伤对中枢模式识别功能的影响;（2）了解脑空间结构的作用 （3）将知觉学习应用于视力障碍者的阅读康复 青光眼迄今为止，很少有人注意到这种研究。当前的结果 这项研究计划有望帮助我们了解日常视觉功能的限制因素， 青光眼，并确定潜在的康复干预措施。此外，从《公约》获得的知识 拟议中的研究将为视网膜神经节细胞病理学如何影响人类模式提供新的见解 识别.

PROPJECT SUMMARY Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), characterized by progressive neurodegeneration of retinal ganglion cells and associated visual field defects, is a leading cause of blindness in the United States. The predominant view has been that glaucoma spares central visual function until the end-stages. However, accumulating evidence shows that the macula is involved in even early glaucomatous damage, including a significant reduction in retinal nerve fiber layer and/or ganglion cell layer thickness. In parallel with physiological evidence, behavioral evidence shows that functional deficits in various central vision tasks, such as reading and face recognition, often appear in individuals with glaucoma. Surprisingly, reading problems have been cited as a main source of anxiety among people with glaucoma. However, at present, we have no understanding of how glaucomatous damage impedes pattern recognition in the assumed-to- be-preserved central visual field. Nor do we know of effective means to alleviate these deficits. Even when treatment controls disease progression, individuals with existing visual field defects need to cope with compromised vision. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms limiting everyday visual function in glaucoma is important from both clinical and basic science perspectives. The proposed study will build on the empirical findings from our preliminary work and theoretical work from several decades of human pattern vision in order to make fundamental advances in our understanding of central visual function of glaucoma. The major goals of the proposed research are to understand how glaucoma undermines central pattern vision and to apply this knowledge to guiding the development of effective rehabilitative strategies to optimize the remaining vision of people with glaucoma. In particular, our specific aims are (1) To understand the impact of glaucomatous damage on central pattern recognition, (2) To understand the role of the spatial pattern of visual field defects, (3) To apply perceptual learning to reading rehabilitation of individuals with glaucoma. To date, very little attention has been paid to such research. The outcome of the current research proposal is expected to help us understand the limiting factors underlying daily visual function in glaucoma and identify potential rehabilitative interventions. Furthermore, the knowledge obtained from the proposed research will provide new insights on how retinal ganglion cell pathology affects human pattern recognition.