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Sensory motor transformations in human cortex

人类皮层的感觉运动转换

基本信息

批准号：
10289879
负责人：
RICHARD A ANDERSEN
金额：
$ 108.21万
依托单位：
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-08-15 至 2026-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10289879
关键词：
Accidents Accounting Address Affect Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Anterior Area Attenuated Behavior Control Body part Cerebral cortex Clinical Clinical Research Code Conflict (Psychology)Cutaneous Data Dependence Development Devices Dorsal Environment Esthesia Eye Feedback Future Goals Hand Head Movements Human Imagery Implant Knowledge Learning Lesion Limb Prosthesis Limb structure Location Medical Device Microelectrodes Modeling Motor Motor Cortex Motor Pathways Movement Multiple Sclerosis Nervous system structure Neurons Output Paralysed Parietal Lobe Participant Pathway interactions Patients Performance Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Population Positioning Attribute Property Proprioception Psychological Transfer Quadriplegia Research Design Retina Role Sensory Signal Transduction Somatosensory Cortex Spinal Cord Lesions Spinal cord injury Stroke Structure System Testing Visual Work arm base body position clinically relevant design experience flexibility grasp improved limb movement microstimulation mind control motor control multisensory neural prosthesis neurophysiology neuroprosthesis recruit relating to nervous system response sensorimotor system sensory cortex sensory feedback sensory input somatosensory visual feedback visual information

项目摘要

Abstract: The long-term objective of this application is to understand cortical processing of sensory to motor transformations within the human cerebral cortex. A vast number of computations must be performed to achieve sensory-guided motor control. Standing out among these computations, visual information of the goals of action must be transformed from the coordinates of the retina to the coordinates of effectors used for movement, for instance limb coordinates for reaching under visual guidance and to world coordinates for interactions in the environment. Once an object is grasped, somatosensory signals from the hand are required for dexterous manipulation of grasped objects. Internal models within the sensory motor pathway are essential for estimating the current state of the body and the external environment, accounting for lags in sensory feedback, and calibrating the body to the environment. We will use the rare opportunity of being able to record from populations of single neurons in a clinical study designed to develop neural prosthetics for tetraplegic participants paralyzed by spinal cord injuries. Cortical implants of microelectrode arrays will be made within three key locations in the sensorimotor system: primary motor cortex, primary somatosensory cortex, and posterior parietal cortex. These microelectrode arrays enable both recording and intracortical microstimulation. We will test the hypothesis that somatosensory and motor cortex represent imagined reaches in hand coordinates, but posterior parietal cortex is task dependent, and its population neural activity can flexibly change coordinate frames to enable encoding of the spatial relations within the body (arm and eyes), between the body and world (arm and reach targets; objects relative to self), and within the world (relative position of objects in the world) as required by task demands. Percepts evoked by intracortical microstimulation and imagined sensations will be used to understand the representation of cutaneous and proprioceptive information within primary somatosensory cortex and posterior parietal cortex. The hypothesis to be tested is that imagined sensation and electrically evoked sensations are highly overlapping—not just in primary somatosensory cortex but also in posterior parietal cortex. Lastly, we hypothesize that the posterior parietal cortex contains in humans an internal model of state estimation that shows plasticity for both natural and brain-control behaviors and transfers this learning to motor cortex. These studies will not only greatly advance our understanding of the human sensorimotor cortical circuit, but also will provide basic knowledge for the design of future neural prosthetics.

摘要：该应用程序的长期目标是了解感觉信号的皮层加工过程