Decomposing Stress Reactivity Across the Adult Lifespan

分解整个成年生命周期的应激反应

• 批准号: 10291316
• 负责人: Megan Rose Goldring
• 金额: $ 4.38万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10291316
• 关键词: Acute; Adult; Age; Aging; Agreement; Attention; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular system; Consensus; Data; Data Analyses; Elderly; Electrocardiogram; Emotional; Event; Exhibits; Face; Factor V; Foundations; Funding; Grant; Health; Heterogeneity; Impedance Cardiography; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Laboratories; Learning; Life Cycle Stages; Longevity; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Modeling; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotic Disorders; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Personality; Persons; Phase; Physiological; Properdin; Psychological Stress; Psychophysiology; Published Comment; Reaction; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Sampling; Scholarship; Science; Severities; Specific qualifier value; Statistical Methods; Stress; Stressful Event; Theory of Change; Uncertainty; Work; base; biological adaptation to stress; design; diaries; experience; flexibility; indexing; innovation; insight; middle age; mindfulness intervention; novel; physical conditioning; psychologic; psychological distress; recruit; stress reactivity; stress reduction; stressor; theories; tool; training opportunity; trait; undergraduate student

Project Summary Given the importance of stress for psychological and physical health, researchers have devoted considerable attention to understanding factors that influence it. Some scholars argue that stress reactivity depends mostly on the person (i.e. personality), while others contend that stress reactivity depends mostly on the stressor itself (i.e. its severity). Others still assert that stress emerges from idiosyncratic interactions between the person and the stressors they face. To reconcile these perspectives, I will leverage crossed random effect modelling to build an integrative theoretical and empirical model that conceptualizes stress reactivity as a function of each of the aforementioned factors; the person, the stressors, and the idiosyncratic interaction between person and stressor. Perhaps more importantly, I will specify whether the importance of each factor changes as people grow older. Given that stress-reduction interventions are informed by basic stress science, establishing an integrative framework to reconcile prior scholarship would provide a valuable roadmap for identifying age-appropriate interventions. The F99 phase of this grant will operationalize stress reactivity as psychological distress resulting from daily stressors. The first study will be a 3-week daily diary study that maximizes internal validity and statistical reliability by recruiting a sample of undergraduate students. The second study maximize generalizability by leveraging existing data from the NIA-funded Midlife in the US study. Both studies are of a crossed random effects study design, which will enable me to conduct variance decompositions on psychological stress reactivity (Specific Aim 1). The K00 phase of this grant will 1) replicate the variance decomposition on psychological stress reactivity from the F99 phase, 2) expand these findings to the domain of physiological stress reactivity, and 3) investigate whether the decomposition of stress reactivity varies as a function of adult age. In a large-scale psychophysiological study, adults 18- 75 will engage in three laboratory tasks while their stress reactivity is measured psychologically via self-report and physiologically via cardiovascular measures (electrocardiography, impedance cardiography, and continuous blood pressure). This will allow me to correlate the variance components (importance of a factor) with age (Specific Aim 2). Together, this research will leverage innovative statistical methods to reveal the relative importance of the person, the stressor, and the person by stressor interaction in stress reactivity across the lifespan. Such findings will reconcile existing research on stress and aging, thereby laying the foundation for optimal stress-reduction interventions.

项目摘要 鉴于压力对心理和身体健康的重要性，研究人员致力于大量 注意理解影响它的因素。一些学者认为，压力反应性主要取决于 人（即个性），而其他人则认为压力反应性主要取决于压力源本身（即其严重性）。 其他人仍然断言，压力来自人与面临压力源之间的特质相互作用。到 调和这些观点，我将利用交叉的随机效应建模来构建一个综合的理论和 经验模型将压力反应性概念化为上述因素的函数；这个人， 压力源，以及人与压力源之间的特质相互作用。也许更重要的是，我将指定是否 随着人们的年龄增长，每个因素的重要性都会发生变化。鉴于减轻压力的干预措施已告知 基本的压力科学，建立一个综合框架来调和先前的奖学金，将提供有价值的 确定适合年龄的干预措施的路线图。 这笔赠款的F99阶段将使压力反应性运行，因为每天都会造成心理困扰 压力源。第一项研究将是一项为期3周的每日日记研究，可通过 招募本科生样本。第二项研究通过利用现有数据来最大化概括性 来自美国研究中NIA资助的中年。两项研究都是交叉的随机效应研究设计，这将 使我能够对心理压力反应性进行方差分解（特定目的1）。 这笔赠款的K00阶段将1）复制对心理压力反应性的差异分解 F99阶段，2）将这些发现扩展到生理压力反应的领域，3）研究是否是否研究 压力反应性的分解随成人年龄的函数而变化。在一项大规模的心理生理研究中，成年人18- 75将从三个实验室任务进行三个实验室任务，同时通过自我报告和 通过心血管措施（心电图，阻抗心理和连续血液）在生理上 压力）。这将使我能够将方差成分（因素的重要性）与年龄相关联（特定目标2）。 这项研究将共同​​利用创新的统计方法来揭示该人的相对重要性， 压力源，以及通过应激源相互作用在整个生命周期中的压力反应性中进行的。这样的发现将调和 现有关于压力和衰老的研究，从而为减少压力减少干预措施奠定了基础。