University of Maryland Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (OAIC)

7.项目概要：总体 UM-OAIC的主题是使能，定义为恢复那些有障碍的人的功能， 预防或延迟已经残疾的人的进一步发展。首要的使命是 UM-OAIC是制定，实施和评估康复战略，旨在改善和 恢复残疾老年人的行动能力和功能独立性。这将是 1）提高我们对运动和活动的机制的理解， 针对影响多个身体系统的特定损伤的多模式康复干预; 2） 制定和测试干预措施，以恢复功能，并尽量减少急性致残事件后的残疾 并防止与严重慢性病有关的下降;以及3）培训下一代研究人员 世卫组织将进一步了解老龄化过程，并制定有助于促进健康的干预措施， 老年人的独立性与残疾的医疗条件。 发生在老年人身上的功能障碍和残疾是由急性事件引起的，例如 中风、心脏病发作和髋部骨折，或反映慢性疾病的进展。这条路如何 疾病导致残疾，即，失能，已被广泛讨论。UM-OAIC的使命是 残疾的知识，并侧重于恢复功能，在那些有障碍，并防止 或者延迟那些已经残疾的人的进一步发展，即启用。 UM-OAIC的目标是：1）进行研究，审查潜在的机制， 与急性致残事件相关的功能障碍（例如，中风、髋部骨折）和流行的慢性 疾病（例如，心力衰竭，癌症）。2)设计新颖，以锻炼和活动为基础， 康复干预，产生临床相关的结果，并研究其机制 他们3)翻译UM-OAIC临床实验室和其他地方制定的干预措施，以便实施 在家庭和社区环境中进行严格的评估。4)支持试点和探索性研究，UM-OAIC 符合UM-OAIC的学者研究，开发项目和外部资助项目 主题. 5)支持来自多个学科的初级教师和学者的发展，因为他们追求 作为独立的学术科学家和领导者，在老年人问题研究方面具有专门知识， 通过以导师为基础的教学式和体验式培训， 翻译研究

7. Project Summary: Overall The theme of the UM-OAIC is enablement defined as the restoration of function in those with impairments and the prevention or delay of further progression in those who are already disabled. The overarching mission of the UM-OAIC is to develop, implement, and evaluate rehabilitative strategies that are designed to improve and restore mobility and functional independence in older persons with disabling conditions. This will be accomplished by 1) advancing our understanding of the mechanisms by which exercise and activity-based and multi-modal rehabilitation interventions directed at specific impairments affect multiple body systems; 2) developing and testing interventions to restore function and minimize disability following acute disabling events and to prevent declines related to serious chronic diseases; and 3) training the next generation of investigators who will further the understanding of the aging process and develop interventions that help promote health and independence in older adults with disabling medical conditions. The functional impairments and disabilities that occur in older people emanate from acute events, such as stroke, heart attack, and hip fracture, or reflect the progression of chronic diseases. This pathway of how disease leads to disability, i.e., disablement, has been discussed extensively. The UM-OAIC’s mission builds knowledge of disablement and focuses on the restoration of function in those with impairments and to prevent or delay further progression in those already disabled, i.e. enablement. The aims of the UM-OAIC are to: 1) Conduct research that examines the mechanisms underlying the functional impairments associated with acute disabling events (e.g., stroke, hip fracture) and prevalent chronic diseases (e.g., heart failure, cancer) in older people. 2) Design novel, exercise and activity-based and rehabilitation interventions that produce clinically relevant outcomes and study the mechanisms underlying them. 3) Translate interventions developed in UM-OAIC clinical laboratories and elsewhere for implementation and rigorous evaluation in home and community settings. 4) Support pilot and exploratory studies, UM-OAIC Scholar research, development projects, and externally funded projects that are consistent with the UM-OAIC theme. 5) Support the development of junior faculty and Scholars from multiple disciplines as they pursue careers as independent, academic scientists and leaders with expertise in the study of older persons with disabling diseases through mentor-based, didactic and experiential training in bench-to-bedside-to-community translational research.