Brain-based Mechanisms of Emotion Regulation in Aging and Mood Disorders

项目总结 有效的情绪调节(ER)要求有能力灵活、动态地应对情绪变化 为目标导向行为服务的刺激。患有严重情绪障碍的患者，包括双相情感障碍 抑郁症(BD)和重度抑郁障碍(MDD)的特点是以大脑为基础的情感异常 加工和认知缺陷，使他们难以调节自己的情绪。ER中的中断是 被认为在疾病发作、复发过程和不完全缓解的风险中起作用。衰老可能会放大 患有抑郁症的老年人预后不佳，这反映在更严重的病程和治疗抵抗上。在……里面 相比之下，在健康的成年人中，ER随着从关注到消极到关注的转变而在整个生命周期中都有所改善 对注意力、学习和记忆有积极的刺激。 与RDoC一致，我们将利用多种分析单元(电路、性能、自我报告) 跨诊断样本丰富了一系列ER相关的网络功能、隐性注意偏向和ER 战略。我们将招募200名有情感稳定型情绪障碍的成年人(41-80岁)(100 BD，100 MDD)， 以及100名与人口统计学相匹配的健康对照，使我们能够捕捉到从极端阳性到 极端负面的情绪体验。我们将评估基于绩效的情感偏见、认知控制、 以及静息状态功能连接性(FC)，以定义ER电路中与年龄相关的变化。我们将进行化验 习惯性地使用ER策略、社会功能和幸福感来确定基于大脑的过程如何影响 这些在功能和临床上相关的结果。 冲击力。该项目的目标直接与NIMH战略计划保持一致，以开发新的 以了解大脑机制为基础的精神疾病的特征和治疗。 超越对理解内质网具体机制和发展轨迹的启发价值 和晚年，结果可以用来为新干预措施的发展提供信息(例如，神经刺激， 认知干预)，旨在“挽救”导致不适应ER的特定网络功能障碍 患有抑郁症。

PROJECT SUMMARY Effective emotion regulation (ER) requires the ability to flexibly and dynamically respond to affectively-valenced stimuli in the service of goal-directed behaviors. Patients with major mood disorders, including bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are characterized by brain-based abnormalities in affective processing and cognitive deficits that make it difficult for them to regulate their emotions. Disruptions in ER are thought to play a role in risk for onset of illness, a relapsing course, and incomplete remission. Aging may amplify poor outcomes in older adults with depression, as reflected in a more severe course and treatment resistance. In contrast, in healthy adults, ER improves across the lifespan with a shift from attending to negative to attending to positive stimuli in attention, learning and memory. Consistent with RDoC, we will leverage multiple units of analysis (circuit, performance, self-report) in a transdiagnostic sample enriched for a range of ER-related network functions, implicit attentional biases, and ER strategies. We will enroll 200 adults (ages 41-80) with an affectively-stable mood disorder (100 BD, 100 MDD), and 100 demographically-matched healthy controls, allowing us to capture the range from extreme positive to extreme negative emotional experience. We will assess performance-based affective biases, cognitive control, and resting-state functional connectivity (FC), to define age-related changes in ER circuitry. We will assay habitual use of ER strategies, social functioning, and well-being to determine how brain-based processes affect these functionally- and clinically-relevant outcomes. Impact. The goals of this project are directly aligned with the NIMH Strategic Plan to develop new ways of characterizing and treating mental illness that are predicated on understanding brain-based mechanisms. Beyond the heuristic value of understanding the specific mechanisms and developmental trajectory of ER in mid and late life, results can be used to inform the development of novel interventions (e.g., neurostimulation, cognitive interventions) designed to “rescue” the specific network dysfunctions that give rise to maladaptive ER in depressive disorders.