Neural Mechanisms of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

项目摘要/摘要 患有自闭症谱系障碍(Asd)的成年人患抑郁症的比例是一般人的四倍。 人口。基于正念的压力减轻(MBSR)是一种标准化的8周干预方法，对 治疗自闭症的心境合并症。在我们的数据中，MBSR的参与引起了中扣带回皮质的增加 自我反省时的活动，这与抑郁的减轻有关。此外，MBSR似乎调制了一种 情绪调节的神经生理标记物与抑郁症有关。这项研究的长期目标是 目的：阐明MBSR治疗成人ASD的神经生物学机制。具体的 这项提议的目的是描述MBSR引起的自我反射神经回路的改变，通过有效的 连通性和2)情绪调节神经生理学。意义：这项研究将识别多模式大脑 MBSR对成人ASD治疗效果的动力学基础。这些发现将为以生物学为基础的 综合健康的干预措施。方法：AIM 1利用最先进的有效连接大脑 自我反射功能磁共振成像；AIM 2利用情绪调节脑电数据捕获 神经生理学事件相关电位。探索性目标3将确定大脑测量的组合 这是抑郁症减轻的最佳预测。 帕格尼先生渴望成为使用多模式神经成像技术识别神经网络的领导者 支持长期治疗和认知结果的特性。他的长期目标是领导一个 跨学科临床实验室，致力于了解综合健康实践的大脑基础。AS 作为一名行为技术员，他为患有自闭症的儿童提供应用行为疗法。在他博士课程的早期， 他进行了行为药理学研究，为他提供了细胞和分子方面的基础 抑郁表型的驱动机制。在他目前的实验室里，他已经获得了基于正念的专业知识 治疗；ASD的功能磁共振分析；以及脑电数据收集。培训计划将实现以下目标 补充他目前的专业知识：1)先进的功能磁共振分析(有效连接)；2)脑电分析(事件- 相关电位)；3)大脑-行为关系(偏最小二乘)；4)自闭症治疗和临床试验。 神经成像方法和临床试验的培训将主要在亚利桑那州立大学(ASU)进行。ASU 是一家享有盛誉的R1机构，与巴罗神经研究所顶尖的神经成像研究所合作 设施。帕格尼先生将在班纳阿尔茨海默氏症接受额外的最先进的神经成像分析培训 研究所。亚利桑那州立大学的心理学系也为帕格尼先生提供了实施脑电的最佳环境 临床试验研究中的技术和学习最佳实践。这些机构共同提供了一个支持 帕格尼先生在多模式大脑分析方面表现出色的环境。除了拟议的目标外，培训还将 专注于专业发展和向更广泛的社区传播调查结果。

Project Summary/Abstract Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suffer from depression at up to four times the rate of the general population. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), a standardized 8-week intervention, is effective in treating mood comorbidities in ASD. In our data, MBSR participation elicited increased middle cingulate cortex activity during self-reflection, which correlated with depression reduction. Further, MBSR appears to modulate a neurophysiological marker of emotion regulation implicated in depression. The long-term goal of this research is to elucidate the neurobiological mechanisms driving MBSR’s therapeutic effects in adults with ASD. The specific aims of this proposal are to characterize MBSR-induced changes to 1) self-reflection neurocircuitry via effective connectivity and 2) emotional regulation neurophysiology. Significance: This study will identify multimodal brain dynamics underlying MBSR’s therapeutic effects in adults with ASD. Findings will inform biologically-based interventions for integrative health. Methods: Aim 1 leverages state-of-the-art effective connectivity brain mapping of self-reflection functional MRI; Aim 2 utilizes emotional regulation EEG data to capture neurophysiological event-related potentials. Exploratory Aim 3 will identify the combination of brain measures that best predicts depression reduction. Mr. Pagni aspires to become a leader in using multimodal neural imaging techniques to identify neural network properties that support long-term therapeutic and cognitive outcomes. His long-term goal is to lead an interdisciplinary clinical laboratory dedicated to understanding the brain basis of integrative health practices. As a behavioral technician, he provided applied behavioral therapy for children with ASD. Early in his Ph.D. program, he performed behavioral pharmacology research, equipping him with a foundation in cellular and molecular mechanisms driving depressive phenotypes. In his current lab, he has gained expertise in mindfulness-based therapies; fMRI analyses in ASD; and EEG data collection. The training plan will fulfill the following goals to complement his current expertise: 1) advanced fMRI analysis (effective connectivity); 2) EEG analysis (event- related potential); 3) brain-behavior relationships (partial least squares) and 4) ASD therapies and clinical trials. Training in neuroimaging methods and clinical trials will occur primarily at Arizona State University (ASU). ASU is a well-regarded, R1 institution with collaborations at Barrow Neurological Institute’s top-notch neuroimaging facilities. Mr. Pagni will receive additional state-of-the-art neuroimaging analysis training at Banner Alzheimer’s Institute. ASU’s Psychology Department also affords Mr. Pagni an optimal environment for implementing EEG techniques and learning best practices in clinical trial research. Together these institutes provide a supportive environment for Mr. Pagni to excel in multimodal brain analyses. In addition to the proposed goals, training will focus on professional development and dissemination of findings to the broader community.