Providing proprioceptive information through biomimetic multi-electrode stimulation patterns

项目摘要 本计画的总体目标是提供本体感受资讯给四肢瘫痪病患 和截肢者，从而增加电流传出接口。恢复本体感觉对于 恢复运动控制，表现为患有 本体感受丧失尽管如此，本体感受界面受到的关注较少， 与触觉接口相比，触觉接口的成功率较低，触觉接口可以为脊柱提供接触位置信息。 通过皮质内微刺激（ICMS）治疗脊髓损伤患者。开发技术， 在运动过程中提供本体感受信息仍然是一个关键且未解决的问题。 触觉接口已经通过模仿在图1中记录的局部响应而获得成功。 由点状刺激引起的初级躯体感觉皮层。相比之下，肢体运动会引起 初级躯体感觉皮层（S1）2区神经活动的复杂空间模式。它 可能是重新创造这种活动的空间模式会引起肢体的自然感觉， 运动我建议使用多电极ICMS（mICMS）来实现这一点。我想这个仿生的 方法提供有意识和潜意识的本体感受信息，这两者都是 对恢复运动控制至关重要 这种仿生方法的效果将在两个方面与非仿生方法进行比较。 具体目标。在目标1中，我将比较这些刺激方法的有效性， 有意识地感知肢体运动，这将减少幻肢疼痛， 假体满意度在这里，猴子将报告感知到的手部运动方向， 朝同一个方向延伸我将在自然主义的案例中测试这些刺激方法， 在猴子学习mICMS和到达方向之间的映射之后。在目标2中，我将评估 mICMS是否可以提供更新正在进行的覆盖范围所需的反馈， 视觉反馈不足的本体感觉的组成部分。当到达时， 通过一系列简短的mICMS传递的机械或虚拟扰动将应用于 猴子.在机械扰动试验中，猴子需要纠正它们的伸手距离， 目标在mICMS试验中，我希望猴子能够纠正他们的手，就像他们的手在身体上一样。 动了这两个目标提供了恢复本体感觉的互补方法，因为两者都 对肢体运动的有意识感知和更新所需的快速反馈至关重要 本体感受的组成部分。

Project Summary The overall goal of this project is to provide proprioceptive information to tetraplegic patients and amputees, thus augmenting current efferent interfaces. Restoring proprioception is vital for restoring motor control, evidenced by extreme movement impairments in individuals with proprioceptive loss. Despite this, proprioceptive interfaces have received less attention and have had less success than tactile interfaces, which can provide contact location information to a spinal cord injured patient through intracortical microstimulation (ICMS). Developing techniques to provide proprioceptive information during movement remains a critical and unsolved problem. Tactile interfaces have found success by mimicking the localized response recorded in primary somatosensory cortex evoked by punctate stimuli. In contrast, limb movements evoke a complex spatial pattern of neural activity across area 2 of primary somatosensory cortex (S1). It may be that recreating this spatial pattern of activity will elicit naturalistic sensations of limb movement. I propose to use multi-electrode ICMS (mICMS) to do this. I expect this biomimetic approach to provide conscious and subconscious proprioceptive information, both of which are vital for restoring motor control. The effect of this biomimetic approach will be compared to nonbiomimetic approaches in two Specific Aims. In Aim 1, I will compare the efficacy of these stimulation approaches for providing conscious perception of limb movements, which will reduce phantom limb pain and improve prosthesis satisfaction. Here, monkeys will report the direction of perceived hand movement by reaching in that same direction. I will test these stimulation approaches in naturalistic cases and after monkeys learn mappings between mICMS and reach direction. In Aim 2, I will evaluate whether mICMS can provide the feedback required to update an ongoing reach, a critical component of proprioception for which visual feedback is insufficient. While reaching, either a mechanical or virtual perturbation delivered through a brief train of mICMS will be applied to the monkey. During mechanical perturbation trials, monkeys will need to correct their reach to hit the target. On mICMS trials, I expect monkeys to correct their reach as if their hand were physically moved. These two aims provide a complimentary approach to restoring proprioception, as both conscious perception of limb movements and rapid feedback required to update reaches are vital components of proprioception.