Identification of bioactive compounds from tef (Eragrostis tef) seed extracts for antioxidant properties.

从 tef（画眉草 tef）种子提取物中鉴定生物活性化合物的抗氧化特性。

• 批准号: 10334139
• 负责人: Ayalew Ligaba Osena
• 金额: $ 14.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA GREENSBORO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10334139
• 关键词: Acids; Adult; Affect; Africa; Age; Alternative Medicine; Anabolism; Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Australia; Barley; Biochemical; Biological Assay; Blood Glucose; Bread; Cardiovascular Diseases; Celiac Disease; Cell model; Cells; Cereals; Chemicals; China; Colon; Consumption; Country; DNA Shuffling; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Disease; Environment; Eragrostis; Eritrea; Essential Amino Acids; Ethiopia; Female; Flavonoids; Food; Funding; GCLM gene; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Genome; Genotype; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase; Glutathione; Glutathione Reductase; Gluten; Grain; Health; Health Benefit; Histidine; Horns; India; Inflammatory; Intake; Investments; Knowledge; Laboratories; Letters; Linoleic Acids; Lipid Peroxidation; Luciferases; Lysine; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammalian Cell; Membrane Lipids; Methionine; Millet; Minerals; Minority Groups; Modeling; Molecular Genetics; NQO1 gene; National Research Council; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nutrient; Nutritional; Oxidative Stress; Pathogenicity; Pathway interactions; Persons; Phenols; Physiological; Phytochemical; Play; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Population; Production; Property; Quinones; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reporter Genes; Research; Research Training; Resistance; Risk Factors; Role; Rye cereal; Seeds; Signal Transduction; South Africa; Starch; Sulfonic Acids; Techniques; Testing; Trace Elements; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Water-Soluble Vitamin; Weight maintenance regimen; Wheat; base; combat; diphenyl; food security; heme oxygenase-1; human disease; immunoreaction; improved; male; monocyte; novel; nuclear factor-erythroid 2; polyphenol; prevent; response; stable cell line; trait; transcriptome; underrepresented minority student

Summary Cellular oxidative stress is a risk factor for several human disease including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer. Natural and food products have a great potential to protect cells under oxidative stress conditions. Tef (Eragrostis tef) is gluten-free grain that is rich in mineral nutrients, essential amino acids, and water-soluble vitamins and several bioactive phytochemicals including polyphenols, flavonoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Tef has been recognized by the U.S. National Research Council as a crop with excellent nutritional potential and suitability to boost food security. However, the bioactivity of tef phytochemicals have never been studied using physiologically relevant models. In this study, we propose to identify bioactive compounds in tef grains and test their ability to combat oxidative stress, thus preventing the pathogenic conditions associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damages. This initiative is based on our recent finding indicating that: 1) tef seed extracts increase glutathione (GSH) levels in THP-1 monocytes, 2) an increase in GSH level is more prominent in brown than ivory tef seeds, suggesting the existence of genotypic variability in the content of bioactive compound, 3) Tef seed extracts increase the expression of the master regulator of antioxidant pathway nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its targets including Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase1 (NQO1), glutathione reductase (GR) and the γ-glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) and regulatory (GCLM) subunit, which play a key role in GSH biosynthesis, 4) A bioactive fraction of tef extract contains a derivative of linoleic acid (LA) 9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE), which is a marker for membrane lipid peroxidation. These findings prompted us to hypothesize that tef has bioactive compounds which have the potential to boost the antioxidant pathway under oxidative stress conditions likely via Nrf2 signaling. Our aims are: 1) Identification and functional characterization of bioactive phytochemicals from tef seeds, 2) Studying whether tef bioactive compounds induce oxidative stress-responsive genes, and protect cells from ROS, 3) Understanding the genetic mechanism regulating antioxidant properties of tef. This study will help in developing alternative medicines for oxidative stress-induced diseases. It will also generate new information that can be used to improve tef or transferred to major cereals to add value to these crops. This funding will boost the capacity of the Osena laboratory to explore underutilized crops such as millets for desirable traits including health benefits. The Osena laboratory and the environment at UNC Greensboro are ideal for this research, and training students from underrepresented minority group.

摘要 细胞氧化应激是包括糖尿病在内的几种人类疾病的风险因素， 心血管疾病(CVD)和癌症。天然和食品产品具有巨大的潜力 在氧化应激条件下保护细胞。Eragrostis tef(Eragrostis Tef)是一种富含面筋的谷物 矿物质营养素、必需氨基酸、水溶性维生素和几种生物活性物质 植物化学物质，包括多酚、类黄酮和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)。TEF 已经被美国国家研究委员会认定为具有极好营养的作物 提高粮食安全的潜力和适宜性。然而，tef植物化学物质的生物活性 从未使用与生理相关的模型进行研究。在这项研究中，我们建议确定 谷物中的生物活性化合物，并测试它们对抗氧化应激的能力，从而防止 与活性氧(ROS)损伤相关的致病条件。这 该倡议是基于我们最近的发现，表明：1)茶籽提取物增加谷胱甘肽 THP-1单核细胞中的GSH水平，2)棕色的GSH水平的升高比 象牙茶籽，提示生物活性含量存在遗传变异。 复合，3)山茶籽提取物增加抗氧化剂主调节剂的表达 核因子-红系相关因子-2途径及其包括血红素在内的靶分子 加氧酶1(HO-1)、NAD(P)H氧化还原酶1(NQO1)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR) 以及γ-谷氨酸半胱氨酸连接酶催化亚基(Gclc)和调节亚基(Gclm)，它们发挥着 在谷胱甘肽生物合成中的关键作用，4)茶多酚提取物的生物活性部分含有亚油酸的衍生物 酸(LA)9-羟基十八碳二烯酸(9-HODE)，它是膜脂的标志 过氧化。这些发现促使我们假设茶多酚含有生物活性化合物 有可能在氧化应激条件下促进抗氧化途径，可能通过 NRF2信令。我们的目标是：1)生物活性物质的鉴定和功能鉴定 茶树种子中的植物化学物质，2)茶树生物活性化合物是否诱导氧化 应激反应基因，保护细胞免受ROS的伤害，3)了解遗传机制 调节茶多酚的抗氧化性。这项研究将有助于开发替代药物来治疗 氧化应激引发的疾病。它还将生成新的信息，可用于 提高TEF或转移到主要谷物，以增加这些作物的价值。这笔资金将提振 Osena实验室探索谷子等未得到充分利用的作物以寻找理想特征的能力 包括健康福利。北卡罗来纳大学格林斯伯勒分校的奥塞纳实验室和环境 非常适合于这项研究，并培训来自代表性不足的少数群体的学生。