Leisure as a Protective Factors against Everyday Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

项目摘要 项目名称：休闲作为预防心血管疾病的日常风险的保护因素 PI：Matthew J. Zawadzki 压力、抑郁情绪、久坐行为和睡眠质量差是心血管疾病的危险因素 疾病改变这些危险因素需要非药物的行为干预， 现有选项的吸收、采用和/或遵守率较低。休闲活动提供了 从事休闲活动创新解决方案可能与所有这些风险因素有关， 人们已经在做的活动，报告享受，并有动力继续做。但它是 不清楚如何最好地做休闲。例如，一些休闲活动可能同时增加， 减少风险因素，而且不是所有的休闲都是按照所说的方式进行的。这项建议采取了 虽然一些休闲活动可能更容易提供好处， 其他人，所有的休闲活动都有可能降低心血管疾病的风险，这取决于 该活动正在进行。根据试点工作，以下方面的休闲是如何执行将 测试：休闲有多吸引人，它有多积极，它在多大程度上促进了应对和自我， 有效性，它能在多大程度上增强社会联系，当一个人感到内疚时， 从事休闲活动。这项研究的第一个目的是确定哪些休闲-以及人们如何做这些 活动-与心血管疾病的危险因素关系最密切。在测试这个问题时， 关键是要问这些模式是否适用于所有个体。本建议的第二个目的是 探讨种族（即，西班牙裔与非西班牙裔）温和派协会。一个社区 样本（N = 316）为25-50岁的女性和男性-其中一半为西班牙裔-将完成一项 摄入会议，以衡量基本的人口，人体测量控制，和抑郁症。为 随后的两周，参加者将完成生态瞬时压力评估措施， 每天五次，沿着每天醒来时的睡眠质量自我报告， 睡前的久坐行为。佩戴两周的Fitbit Charge设备将测量活动记录仪 和心率来指示久坐行为和睡眠质量的客观水平（持续时间和醒来后 睡眠开始）。这项拟议研究的结果将为今后的工作提供信息， 人们休闲。通过寻找与更好的心血管健康相关的休闲的关键维度， 人们可以接受培训，学习如何以可能改善健康的方式进行休闲活动。这 这种方法使用人们已经在做的活动，但与人们一起工作，以一种 减少压力、抑郁情绪和久坐不动的行为，提高睡眠质量。这 会避免强迫人们做他们不喜欢的活动，并且很可能会在一段时间后放弃， 相反，这些努力有可能产生更广泛的吸引力。

PROJECT SUMMARY Project Title: Leisure as a Protective Factor against Everyday Risk for Cardiovascular Disease PI: Matthew J. Zawadzki Stress, depressed mood, sedentary behavior, and poor sleep quality are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Changing these risk factors requires non-pharmacological, behavioral interventions, yet existing options have low rates of uptake, adoption, and/or adherence. Leisure activities offers an innovative solution as engaging in leisure may be related to all these risk factors, and also involve activities that people are already doing, report enjoying, and have motivation to continue to do. Yet it is not clear how best to do leisure. For example, some leisure activities may simultaneously increase and decrease risk factors, moreover not all leisure is done the say way every time. This proposal takes the innovative approach that while some leisure activities may be more prone to providing benefit than others, all leisure activities have the potential to reduce cardiovascular disease risk depending on how that activity is performed. Based on pilot work, the following dimensions of how leisure is performed will be tested: how absorbing is the leisure, how positive is it, how much does it promote coping and self- efficacy, how much does it enhance social connections, and how much does one experience guilt when engaging in leisure. The first aim of the study is to identify which leisure – and how people do these activities – most strongly relate to the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In testing this question it is critical to ask whether these patterns are true for all individuals. The second aim of this proposal explores whether ethnicity (i.e., Hispanic versus non-Hispanic) moderates associations. A community sample (N = 316) of 25-50 year old woman and men - half of whom will be Hispanic - will complete an intake session to measure basic demographic, anthropometric controls, and depression. For the ensuing two weeks, participants will complete ecological momentary assessment measures of stress and depressed mood five times a day, along with daily self-reports of sleep quality upon waking and sedentary behavior before bed. A Fitbit Charge device worn for the two weeks will measure actigraphy and heart rate to index objective levels of sedentary behavior and sleep quality (duration and wake after sleep onset). The results from this proposed study will inform future work aimed at improving how people do leisure. By finding key dimensions of leisure that are related to better cardiovascular health, people can be trained on how to do their leisure in a way that is likely to improve their health. This approach uses the activities that people are already doing but work with people to do the activity in a way that reduces stress, depressed mood, and sedentary behavior, and improves sleep quality. This will avoid forcing people to do activities they do not enjoy and will likely give up after a short while and instead places efforts that have the potential for more general appeal.