Carnot High Efficiency Hydrogen Combustion Engine Demonstrator

减缓和解决人为气候变化已成为一种社会需要，也是政府和企业政策的组成部分。国际海事组织的法规规定，到2030年，船舶的碳密集度必须比2008年建造的船舶低40%。此外，已有33个国家制定了到2050年实现净零的目标，而且还会有更多国家效仿。这相当于2030/2050年温室气体排放总量分别减少380/950公吨二氧化碳。海运占国际贸易的90%，是全球经济的命脉。因此，当务之急是找到一种技术解决方案，不仅要零排放，而且要提供一条成本效益高、影响小的途径，尽快实现脱碳。需求、基础设施和生产能力必须到位，才能实现规模扩张和过渡。海运业目前依赖内燃机(ICE)。发动机的问题是效率低下，使用化石燃料时会排放二氧化碳和有害污染物。发动机通常会将三分之一的燃料能量浪费在冷却系统上，以防止金属部件发生故障。这个经验丰富的财团由卡诺有限公司领导，正在开发改变游戏规则的超高效氢电动船用动力总成，由陶瓷发动机组成，作为发电机的原动机。由于发动机关键部件由能够承受燃料燃烧温度的工业陶瓷制造，因此消除了浪费在冷却系统上的三分之一的燃料能量。预计刹车热效率(BTE)为70%，与目前最先进的ICE相比有了很大的变化。卡诺发动机燃料灵活，能够使用柴油、氨、氢、甲醇和eFuels。海事部门对卡诺发动机的需求、基础设施和生产能力(包括燃料和发动机)已经存在。该项目是开发和运行氢燃料卡诺辅助发动机演示器，在卡里斯布鲁克航运公司的一艘船上进行为期40天的海试。它汇集了一个由技术开发商、运营商、RTO和大学组成的英国财团，在班级协会和MCA的支持下，将处于将技术商业化并最大限度地发挥绿色工业革命的好处的有利地位。随着英国政府承诺在净零氢基金中投入2.4亿英镑的巨额投资，向氢气经济的转变正在进行中。130年来，冰块将三分之一的燃料能量浪费在冷却系统上。如果英国要实现2050年净零排放的目标，就必须结束这种浪费。

The mitigation and solution of man-made climate change has become a social necessity and an integral part of government and corporate policy. International Maritime Organization regulations stipulate that vessels must be 40% less carbon intensive by 2030 than those built in 2008\. In addition, 33 countries have legislated net zero targets by 2050 and more will follow. This corresponds to total 2030/2050 GHG emissions reductions of 380/950 MtCO2e respectively. Sea freight accounts for 90% of international trade and is the life blood of the global economy. It is therefore imperative that a technological solution is found that is not only zero-emission but also provides a cost-effective, low-impact route to decarbonising as rapidly as possible. Demand, infrastructure and production capacity must be in place for scaling to occur and the transition to take place.The maritime industry currently relies on internal combustion engines (ICEs). The problem with engines is that they are inefficient and they emit carbon dioxide and harmful pollutants when operated on fossil fuels. Engines typically waste a third of fuel energy to cooling systems which prevent metal components from failing. This experienced consortium, led by Carnot Ltd, is developing game-changing, ultra-efficient hydrogen-electric marinised powertrains consisting of ceramic engines as prime movers for generators. With key engine components manufactured from technical ceramics able to withstand fuel combustion temperatures, the third of fuel energy wasted to cooling systems is eliminated. Predicted brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is 70%, a step-change from current state-of-the-art ICEs. Carnot engines are fuel flexible, capable of operating on diesel, ammonia, hydrogen, methanol and eFuels. The demand, infrastructure and production capacity (of both fuel and engines) for Carnot engines within the maritime sector already exists.This project is to develop and run a hydrogen-fired Carnot auxiliary engine demonstrator for sea trials on board a Carisbrooke Shipping vessel over a 40-day period. It brings together a UK consortium consisting of technology developer, operator, RTO and University which, supported by a Class Society and the MCA, will be in prime position to commercialise the technology and maximise the benefits of the green industrial revolution.A shift to a hydrogen economy is underway with the UK Government committing to a significant investment of £240 million in a Net Zero Hydrogen Fund. For 130 years, ICEs have wasted a third of fuel energy to cooling systems. If the UK's 2050 net-zero emissions targets are to be met, this waste must end.