Carnot High Efficiency Hydrogen Combustion Engine Demonstrator

减缓和解决人为造成的气候变化已成为一种社会需要，也是政府和企业政策的一个组成部分。国际海事组织（International Maritime Organization）规定，到2030年，船舶的碳排放强度必须比2008年建造的船舶降低40%。此外，33个国家已经立法制定了到2050年实现净零排放的目标，还有更多国家将效仿。这相当于2030/2050年温室气体减排总量分别为380/950亿吨二氧化碳当量。海运占国际贸易的90%，是全球经济的命脉。因此，迫切需要找到一种技术解决方案，不仅要实现零排放，而且要提供一种成本效益高、影响小的途径，以尽快实现脱碳。需求、基础设施和生产能力必须到位，才能实现规模化和转型。海运业目前依赖于内燃机（ICEs）。发动机的问题是效率低下，使用化石燃料时会排放二氧化碳和有害污染物。发动机通常将三分之一的燃料能源浪费在冷却系统上，以防止金属部件失效。这个由卡诺有限公司领导的经验丰富的财团正在开发改变游戏规则的、超高效的氢电船用动力系统，该动力系统由陶瓷发动机作为发电机的原动机组成。关键的发动机部件由技术陶瓷制造，能够承受燃料燃烧温度，从而消除了浪费在冷却系统上的三分之一的燃料能量。预计制动热效率（BTE）为70%，与目前最先进的内燃机相比，这是一个巨大的变化。卡诺发动机燃料灵活，可以使用柴油、氨、氢、甲醇和eFuels。海事部门对卡诺发动机的需求、基础设施和生产能力（包括燃料和发动机）已经存在。该项目将开发和运行一个氢燃料卡诺辅助发动机演示器，用于在Carisbrooke航运船上进行为期40天的海上试验。它汇集了一个由技术开发商、运营商、RTO和大学组成的英国财团，该财团在一个班级协会和MCA的支持下，将处于技术商业化的有利地位，并最大限度地发挥绿色工业革命的效益。向氢经济的转变正在进行中，英国政府承诺向净零氢基金投资2.4亿英镑。130年来，冷却系统浪费了三分之一的燃料能源。如果英国要实现2050年的净零排放目标，就必须停止这种浪费。

The mitigation and solution of man-made climate change has become a social necessity and an integral part of government and corporate policy. International Maritime Organization regulations stipulate that vessels must be 40% less carbon intensive by 2030 than those built in 2008\. In addition, 33 countries have legislated net zero targets by 2050 and more will follow. This corresponds to total 2030/2050 GHG emissions reductions of 380/950 MtCO2e respectively. Sea freight accounts for 90% of international trade and is the life blood of the global economy. It is therefore imperative that a technological solution is found that is not only zero-emission but also provides a cost-effective, low-impact route to decarbonising as rapidly as possible. Demand, infrastructure and production capacity must be in place for scaling to occur and the transition to take place.The maritime industry currently relies on internal combustion engines (ICEs). The problem with engines is that they are inefficient and they emit carbon dioxide and harmful pollutants when operated on fossil fuels. Engines typically waste a third of fuel energy to cooling systems which prevent metal components from failing. This experienced consortium, led by Carnot Ltd, is developing game-changing, ultra-efficient hydrogen-electric marinised powertrains consisting of ceramic engines as prime movers for generators. With key engine components manufactured from technical ceramics able to withstand fuel combustion temperatures, the third of fuel energy wasted to cooling systems is eliminated. Predicted brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is 70%, a step-change from current state-of-the-art ICEs. Carnot engines are fuel flexible, capable of operating on diesel, ammonia, hydrogen, methanol and eFuels. The demand, infrastructure and production capacity (of both fuel and engines) for Carnot engines within the maritime sector already exists.This project is to develop and run a hydrogen-fired Carnot auxiliary engine demonstrator for sea trials on board a Carisbrooke Shipping vessel over a 40-day period. It brings together a UK consortium consisting of technology developer, operator, RTO and University which, supported by a Class Society and the MCA, will be in prime position to commercialise the technology and maximise the benefits of the green industrial revolution.A shift to a hydrogen economy is underway with the UK Government committing to a significant investment of £240 million in a Net Zero Hydrogen Fund. For 130 years, ICEs have wasted a third of fuel energy to cooling systems. If the UK's 2050 net-zero emissions targets are to be met, this waste must end.