Development of High-Speed and Quantitative Neuro MRI Technologies for Challenging Patient Populations

项目摘要 所提出的技术有效地解决了当前MRI协议中的显著缺陷， 也就是说，现有的协议无法获得一套完整的高分辨率、无伪影、多分辨率的 来自具有挑战性的患者(例如，帕金森氏病(PD)患者； 中风患者；儿童人群)在临床可行的时间内。在这里，我们将发展和整合 多学科方法，最大限度地将先进的磁共振成像技术转化为临床应用 挑战病人。目标1A)我们将结合快速扫描策略、运动校正和失真- 将校正模块集成到我们最近开发的多路复用敏感度编码(MUSE)DTI和fMRI中 实现高分辨率连通性映射的新方法(在0.85 mm的各向同性分辨率下，与 1.5 mm至4 mm，这是常规DTI和功能磁共振成像的标准)。在这项决议中，至关重要 网络节点(例如，丘脑底核(STN)的运动和非运动亚区)和路径 对于病人护理的重要性(例如，用于脑深部刺激的改进的MRI引导)可以更加可靠 解决了。目的1B)我们将开发一种创新的多回波路径MRI方法，以显著降低 多对比MRI和参数成像的扫描时间(例如，实现同时的T1和T2参数 3分钟内映射：比传统协议提高约4倍)。目标1C)我们将开发运动 伪影校正方案，适用于具有挑战性的患者的高分辨率多对比磁共振成像。 目的：我们计划首先从两个方面对健康成年志愿者的磁共振成像技术进行评估。第一，数据 我们将用我们的方法和传统的、更耗时的协议进行定量比较。 第二，只能从我们的高分辨率数据中产生的新知识(例如，成像马达- STN的亚区)将用theta-Burst经颅磁模拟(TMS)神经元来确认。 电机网络的调制。目标2B)我们计划评估建议的PD成像技术 以三种方式治疗病人。首先，在横断面研究中，我们将从1)获取并比较成像数据 帕金森病转化的高危人群(有阳性家族史、低眼压、眼球快速运动 睡眠行为障碍、便秘和器质性日常活动障碍)，2)早期帕金森病 患者(Hoehn和Yahr量表1和2)和3)晚期PD患者(Hoehn和Yahr量表3和 4)。将评估三个人群在大脑结构和功能方面的差异。第二，在一个 纵向研究，在第二年和第二年从转化为帕金森病的高风险受试者获得的成像数据 该项目的5个部分将与测量前驱症状脑信号异常及其与 纵向行为和MRI信号改变。第三，我们将比较从PD获得的成像数据 评价PD患者与非PD患者(主要为特发性震颤)的鉴别诊断准确性 建议的成像技术。

Project Summary The proposed technologies effectively address a significant shortcoming in current MRI protocols, that is the incapability of existing protocols to acquire a complete set of high-resolution, artifact-free, multi- contrast and quantitative MR images from challenging patients (e.g., Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients; stroke patients; pediatric populations) within clinically-feasible time. Here we will develop and integrate multidisciplinary approaches to maximize the translatability of advanced MRI technologies to clinical uses for challenging patients. Aim 1A) We will incorporate fast scan strategies, motion-correction and distortion- correction modules into our recently developed multiplexed sensitivity encoded (MUSE) DTI and fMRI in a novel way, to enable high-resolution connectivity mapping (at 0.85 mm isotropic resolution, in contrast to 1.5mm to 4mm that are standard with conventional DTI and fMRI protocols). At this resolution, critical network nodes (e.g., motor and non-motor subregions of subthalamic nucleus (STN)) and pathways that are important for patient care (e.g., improved MRI guidance for deep brain stimulation) can be much more reliably resolved. Aim 1B) We will develop an innovative multi-echo-pathway MRI method to significantly reduce the scan time of multi-contrast MRI and parametric imaging (e.g., achieving simultaneous T1 and T2 parametric mapping within 3 min: ~ 4-fold improvement than conventional protocols). Aim 1C) We will develop motion artifact correction schemes that are suitable for high-resolution multi-contrast MRI in challenging patients. Aim 2A) We plan to first evaluate the MRI technologies in healthy adult volunteers in two ways. First, data obtained with our methods and conventional, more time-consuming protocols will be quantitatively compared. Second, new knowledge that can only be produced from our high-resolution data (e.g., imaging motor- subregions of STN) will be confirmed with theta-burst transcranial magnetic simulation (TMS) neuro- modulation of motor networks. Aim 2B) We plan to evaluate the proposed imaging technologies in PD patients in three ways. First, in a cross-sectional study, we will acquire and compare imaging data from 1) those who are at high risk of PD conversion (with positive family history, hyposmia, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, constipation, and impairments in instrumental daily activities), 2) early-stage PD patients (Hoehn and Yahr scale 1 and 2), and 3) advanced-stage PD patients (Hoehn and Yahr scale 3 and 4). Difference in brain structure and function across three populations will be assessed. Second, in a longitudinal study, imaging data obtained from subjects with high risk of conversion to PD in year 2 and year 5 of the project will be compared to measure prodromal brain signal abnormalities and their correlation with longitudinal behavioral and MRI signal changes. Third, we will compare imaging data obtained from PD patients and non-PD patients (mainly essential tremor) to evaluate the differential diagnosis accuracy of the proposed imaging technologies.