Develop a novel phase-change water/fluid purification technology that uses a NASA-validated vapor compression distillation (VCD)

开发一种新型相变水/流体净化技术，该技术使用经 NASA 验证的蒸气压缩蒸馏 (VCD)

• 批准号: 10384223
• 负责人: Steve Bitterly
• 金额: $ 25.52万
• 依托单位: STEVE BITTERLY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-10 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10384223
• 关键词: Address; Adoption; Affect; Arsenic; Atmospheric Pressure; Beds; Biological; Businesses; Cessation of life; Chemical Structure; Chemicals; Chromium; Contracts; Country; Coupled; Data; Effectiveness; Emergency Situation; Excision; Feedback; Fishes; Fluorocarbons; Fresh Water; Friction; Goals; Growth; Growth and Development function; Hand; Health; Heavy Metals; Home; Hospitals; Human; Immune system; Industrialization; Industry; Laboratories; Life; Link; Liquid substance; Malignant Neoplasms; Medical center; Methodology; Methods; Minerals; Mining; Modeling; Modification; Output; Pathway interactions; Penetration; Persons; Phase; Policies; Poly-fluoroalkyl substances; Pump; Radiology Specialty; Recovery; Refuse Disposal; Regulation; Reporting; Reproduction; Research; Residual state; Safety; Sales; Sampling; Serum; Solid; Source; Space Flight; Stream; Sulfides; System; Technology; Testing; Thermodynamics; Thyroid Function Tests; TimeLine; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Water; Water Purification; Water Supply; animal tissue; base; commercialization; contaminated water; cost; cost effective; design; drinking water; effectiveness testing; ground water; hospital bed; improved; innovation; instrument; liver injury; novel; operation; perfluorooctanoic acid; performance tests; phase 1 study; phase change; portability; pressure; remediation; seal; vapor; wasting; water flow; water quality; water sampling; water testing; waterborne illness

Summary Contamination of water bodies with residual PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), aka “forever chemicals” have become a pervasive and widespread problem throughout the USA and worldwide despite ongoing regulations and policies to reduce and eliminate their prevalent use in manufacturing of many products. These fluorocarbon structured chemicals are known to collect in fish, animal tissues, and are increasingly being detected in blood serum samples of humans, with determined links to health degradation issues in growth and development, reproduction, thyroid function, liver damage, disruptions of immune system, and links to increased rates in cancer. Water supplies in 66 regions across the USA serving 6 million people had at least one or more PFAS-type contamination level at or above the EPA’s safety limits. We seek to propose and demonstrate a new phase-change rotary distillation-purification system and method that should completely remove these chemicals from drinking water supplies, using a technology that is highly efficient and scalable in size, from portable up to industrial systems. The technology utilizes energy recovery and operates at low-power and low-specific energy, and has a cost-effective pathway for large-scale commercialization in homes and scalable to industrial wastewater purification requirements. Earlier versions of this technology have been NASA-validated, however, we advanced certain key heat transfer mechanisms that achieve a 10x increase above reported boiler-condenser heat transfer coefficients for known and commercially available phase-change distillation technologies. Previous testing demonstrated a 10-fold increase in heat transfer efficiency through testing with Sandia National Labs and Cedars Sinai Medical Center, using inexpensive components with instrumented earlier bench-model testing. References show that phase-change purification by traditional distillation (high-power, with no energy recovery) removes all PFAS contaminations in water samples, but these technologies are immensely cost-prohibitive with no pathway for cost-effective application uses or commercialization. Specific aims propose testing several new key technology features beyond previous testing, which should demonstrate a cost-effective pathway for commercialization. These technology features include testing with and without PFAS contaminations the efficacy of a new rotary liquid-vapor seal that is exceedingly low-cost, near unlimited life, and very low frictional drag; self-cleaning features that would automatically maintain long operation with high- performance; and testing a conceptually new centrifugal pump that theoretically is capable of removing the fresh and waste water streams from sub-atmospheric pressure operation to above atmospheric pressures at very low power.

总结 残留PFAS（全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质）污染水体，即“永久化学品” 已经成为一个普遍和普遍的问题，在整个美国和世界范围内， 法规和政策，以减少和消除其在许多产品制造中的普遍使用。这些 已知碳氟化合物结构的化学品聚集在鱼、动物组织中，并且越来越多地被 在人类血清样本中检测到，确定与生长过程中的健康退化问题有关， 发育、生殖、甲状腺功能、肝损伤、免疫系统破坏，以及与增加 癌症发病率美国66个地区为600万人服务的供水系统至少有一个或多个 PFAS型污染水平等于或高于EPA的安全限值。我们试图提出并展示一种新的 相变旋转蒸馏-纯化系统和方法 从饮用水供应，使用高效和可扩展的技术，从便携式到 工业系统。该技术利用能量回收并以低功率和低比能量运行， 并且具有成本效益的途径，可用于家庭大规模商业化，并可扩展到工业 废水净化要求。然而，这项技术的早期版本已经过NASA的验证， 我们改进了某些关键的传热机制，使其比报告的锅炉-冷凝器提高了10倍。 已知的和商业上可获得的相变蒸馏的传热系数 技术.先前的测试表明，通过使用以下材料的测试，传热效率提高了10倍 桑迪亚国家实验室和雪松西奈医疗中心，使用廉价的组件与仪器较早 台架模型测试。参考文献表明，通过传统蒸馏（高功率， 无能量回收）去除水样中的所有PFAS污染物，但这些技术 成本高昂，没有成本有效的应用用途或商业化途径。具体目标建议 测试几个新的关键技术功能，超越以前的测试，这应该证明一个具有成本效益的 商业化的途径。这些技术功能包括使用和不使用PFAS的测试 污染的效率，一个新的旋转液气密封，是非常低的成本，近无限的寿命， 非常低的摩擦阻力;自清洁功能，可自动保持长时间运行， 性能;以及测试理论上能够去除新鲜空气的概念上新的离心泵。 和废水流从低于大气压的操作到高于大气压的操作， 动力.