Develop a novel phase-change water/fluid purification technology that uses a NASA-validated vapor compression distillation (VCD)

摘要 水体中残留的全氟烷烃(全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质)污染，又称“永久化学品” 已经成为美国和世界范围内普遍存在的问题，尽管 减少和消除其在许多产品制造中的普遍使用的法规和政策。这些 众所周知，氟碳结构的化学物质聚集在鱼、动物组织中，而且越来越多地被 在人类血清样本中检测到，与生长和发育中的健康退化问题有确定的联系 发育、生殖、甲状腺功能、肝脏损伤、免疫系统紊乱，以及与 癌症发病率。美国66个地区为600万人提供服务的供水系统至少有一个或多个 全氟辛烷磺酸类污染水平达到或高于环境保护局的安全限度。我们寻求提出并展示一种新的 应完全去除这些化学物质的相变旋转精馏-纯化系统和方法 从饮用水供应，使用高效和可扩展的技术，从便携式到 工业体系。该技术利用能量回收并在低功率和低比能量下运行， 具有经济高效的家庭大规模商业化途径，并可扩展到工业 废水净化要求。然而，这项技术的早期版本已经得到了NASA的验证， 我们提出了一些关键的换热机制，使锅炉冷凝器的性能提高了10倍。 已知和商用相变精馏的换热系数 技术。以前的测试表明，通过测试 桑迪亚国家实验室和雪松西奈医疗中心，使用廉价的部件和早先的仪器 台架模型试验。文献表明，传统蒸馏的相变提纯(高功率，带 无能量回收)去除水样中的所有全氟辛烷磺酸污染物，但这些技术是巨大的 成本令人望而却步，没有实现成本效益应用或商业化的途径。具体目标提出 测试几个新的关键技术功能，而不是以前的测试，这应该会证明具有成本效益 商业化的路径。这些技术特性包括使用和不使用PFAS进行测试 污染了一种新的旋转式液体-蒸汽密封的效率，这种密封非常低的成本，接近无限的寿命，以及 极低的摩擦阻力；自动清洁功能，可自动保持长时间运行， 性能；以及测试一种概念上的新型离心泵，理论上能够去除新鲜的 以及在很低的情况下从低于大气压的运行到大气压以上的废水流 权力。

Summary Contamination of water bodies with residual PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), aka “forever chemicals” have become a pervasive and widespread problem throughout the USA and worldwide despite ongoing regulations and policies to reduce and eliminate their prevalent use in manufacturing of many products. These fluorocarbon structured chemicals are known to collect in fish, animal tissues, and are increasingly being detected in blood serum samples of humans, with determined links to health degradation issues in growth and development, reproduction, thyroid function, liver damage, disruptions of immune system, and links to increased rates in cancer. Water supplies in 66 regions across the USA serving 6 million people had at least one or more PFAS-type contamination level at or above the EPA’s safety limits. We seek to propose and demonstrate a new phase-change rotary distillation-purification system and method that should completely remove these chemicals from drinking water supplies, using a technology that is highly efficient and scalable in size, from portable up to industrial systems. The technology utilizes energy recovery and operates at low-power and low-specific energy, and has a cost-effective pathway for large-scale commercialization in homes and scalable to industrial wastewater purification requirements. Earlier versions of this technology have been NASA-validated, however, we advanced certain key heat transfer mechanisms that achieve a 10x increase above reported boiler-condenser heat transfer coefficients for known and commercially available phase-change distillation technologies. Previous testing demonstrated a 10-fold increase in heat transfer efficiency through testing with Sandia National Labs and Cedars Sinai Medical Center, using inexpensive components with instrumented earlier bench-model testing. References show that phase-change purification by traditional distillation (high-power, with no energy recovery) removes all PFAS contaminations in water samples, but these technologies are immensely cost-prohibitive with no pathway for cost-effective application uses or commercialization. Specific aims propose testing several new key technology features beyond previous testing, which should demonstrate a cost-effective pathway for commercialization. These technology features include testing with and without PFAS contaminations the efficacy of a new rotary liquid-vapor seal that is exceedingly low-cost, near unlimited life, and very low frictional drag; self-cleaning features that would automatically maintain long operation with high- performance; and testing a conceptually new centrifugal pump that theoretically is capable of removing the fresh and waste water streams from sub-atmospheric pressure operation to above atmospheric pressures at very low power.