Clinical and Psychosocial Predictors of Post-event Processing in Adults who Stutter

口吃成人事件后处理的临床和社会心理预测因素

• 批准号: 10389585
• 负责人: Robyn L Croft
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-16 至 2024-01-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10389585
• 关键词: Clinical; Psychosocial; Predictors; Post; event

Project Abstract Stuttering is a neurophysiological disorder that is genetically transmitted, yet, there is a pervasive assumption that stuttering is the result of being nervous or anxious. This misconception results in deleterious quality-of-life consequences, with many persons who stutter experiencing communication exchanges in which they are mocked, discriminated against, and stigmatized. Adults who stutter are at increased risk for developing social anxiety disorder, leading to depression, social withdrawal, and/or suicidal ideation. One contributor to the persistence of social anxiety that has yet to be examined among adults who stutter is post-event processing, a cognitive process defined by excessive and intrusive self-criticism following a stressful communication event. Distinct from repetitive negative thinking, which is one’s general tendency to ruminate and could apply to a variety of issues unrelated to communication, post-event processing specifically occurs following a communication exchange and is linked to anticipatory anxiety and avoidance of subsequent communication situations. Given the adverse, quality-of-life consequences of post-event processing and recent research citing self-compassion as a protective factor, the proposed research study will evaluate how clinical markers of stuttering (i.e., the speaker’s experience of stuttering, self-rated stuttering severity, observer-rated stuttering severity) and self-compassion contribute to post-event processing in adults who stutter. This study will identify clinical predictors of post-event processing in adults who stutter and evaluate self-compassion as a protective factor through three specific aims. In Aims 1 and 2, we will determine the influence of the speaker’s experience of stuttering (i.e., self-reported impact of stuttering on quality of life; Aim 1) and self-rated stuttering severity (Aim 2) on post-event processing. Aims 1a and 2a will investigate self-compassion as a protective factor against post-event processing. We hypothesize that adults with more negative experiences of stuttering and higher self-rated stuttering severities will engage in more post-event processing. We also hypothesize that adults with higher self-compassion will engage in less post-event processing, regardless of stuttering experience or self-rated severity. In Aim 3, we will assess the influence of observer- rated stuttering severity on post-event processing. We hypothesize that observer-rated severity will not predict post-event processing in adults who stutter. To achieve these aims, participants will self-report their experience of stuttering and self-compassion, engage in a standardized communication stressor task, and self- report stuttering severity and post-event processing. Objective stuttering severity will be collected via unbiased listeners. Analyses will include a moderated linear regression with relevant covariates. This proposal is responsive to NIDCD’s priority areas 2 and 3 and therefore is relevant to public health, as the intended aims will 1) identify clinical and psychosocial factors associated with post-event processing in adults who stutter, and 2) inform assessment and treatment for adults who stutter, an understudied population.

项目摘要 口吃是一种通过遗传传播的神经生理学疾病，然而，有一个普遍的假设 口吃是紧张或焦虑的结果。这种误解导致有害的生活质量 其后果是，许多口吃的人在交流中遇到的困难是 被嘲笑、被歧视、被侮辱。口吃的成年人发展社交能力的风险增加 焦虑症，导致抑郁、社交退缩和/或自杀意念。一位贡献者 口吃成年人中持续存在的社交焦虑尚未得到检验，即事件后处理，这是一种 压力沟通事件后过度和侵入性的自我批评定义的认知过程。 与重复的消极思维不同，后者是一个人沉思的一般倾向，可以应用于 与通信无关的各种问题，事件后处理具体发生在 沟通交流，与预期焦虑和避免后续沟通有关 情况。鉴于事件后处理和最近的研究引用的不利的生活质量后果 自我慈悲作为一种保护因素，拟议的研究将评估自我慈悲的临床标志物如何 口吃（即说话者的口吃经历、自评口吃严重程度、观察者评价口吃 严重程度）和自我同情有助于口吃成年人的事后处理。这项研究将确定 口吃成年人事后处理的临床预测因子，并评估自我慈悲作为一种保护措施 通过三个具体目标来考虑。在目标 1 和 2 中，我们将确定说话者的影响力 口吃的经历（即自我报告的口吃对生活质量的影响；目标 1）和自我评价 事件后处理的口吃严重程度（目标 2）。目标 1a 和 2a 将调查自我慈悲 防止事后处理的保护因素。我们假设成年人有更多的消极情绪 口吃的经历和自评口吃严重程度较高的人将参与更多的事后处理。 我们还假设具有较高自我慈悲心的成年人会进行较少的事后处理， 无论口吃经历或自评严重程度如何。在目标 3 中，我们将评估观察者的影响—— 事件后处理的额定口吃严重程度。我们假设观察者评定的严重程度不会 预测口吃成年人的事件后处理。为了实现这些目标，参与者将自我报告他们的 口吃和自我同情的经验，参与标准化的沟通压力源任务，并自我 报告口吃的严重程度和事后处理。客观口吃严重程度将通过公正的方式收集 听众。分析将包括具有相关协变量的调节线性回归。这个提议是 响应 NIDCD 的优先领域 2 和 3，因此与公共卫生相关，因为预期目标 1) 识别与口吃成年人事后处理相关的临床和社会心理因素，以及 2) 为口吃成年人（尚未得到充分研究）的评估和治疗提供信息。