Mass Probation: Probation’s Individual and Community Effects on Mental Health Disparities

项目总结： 大规模监禁--一种社会和种族控制制度，影响那些与刑事司法(CJ)有接触和 它集中的整个社区-是一场公共卫生危机。监禁会恶化精神健康(MH) 考虑到监禁对布莱克的不成比例的影响，导致了整个生命过程中的MH差异， 低收入者和农村社区。监禁也有个人和社区的MH影响。认识 监禁对健康的负面影响，缓刑一直被誉为另一种选择。事实上，360万 在美国，个人处于缓刑状态，远远超过被监禁的人数。然而，它仍然 不清楚缓刑对包括MH在内的健康有什么影响。因为缓刑太普遍了，而且被视为 作为监禁的替代方案，了解缓刑的有害影响是否反映了 监禁。 这项建议的目的是(1)描述青少年时期CJ参与的纵向模式 按种族划分中年，(2)评估缓刑与MH的关系及种族差异。 关系，以及(3)评估缓刑、种族和 县一级的MH。对于前两个目标，为了评估个体影响，国家纵向研究 将使用青年97的数据，这是一个纵向的、具有全国代表性的数据集，其中包括1980年出生的青少年- 1984年从青春期到中年的数据。对于第三个目标，评估社区影响，诺斯 卡罗莱纳州关于缓刑、自我伤害和自杀的行政数据将被使用。该计划的完成 提出的目标将大大促进我们对CJ与健康之间的关系的理解，并已 为缓刑政策提供信息的可能性，为缓刑对整个社区的影响提供有价值的见解，以及 告知干预措施，以改善这一经常被遗忘的人口中的MH。 本建议书中概述的培训计划将使申请者凯瑟琳·勒马斯特斯掌握关键知识 在大规模监禁和健康差距方面，并在社会和空间流行病学以及 大量基于人口的数据和行政数据的使用。这个计划将使她做好准备，顺利完成 提议的目标，并发展成为独立的、跨学科的研究人员 美国大规模监禁与健康公平的交集。申请者得到了令人难以置信的良好支持 由CJ研究人员、流行病学家、健康差距研究人员和卫生部门组成的跨学科小组 具有必要专业知识的地理学家支持她的博士研究并为她的下一阶段做好准备 她的事业。

PROJECT SUMMARY: Mass incarceration - a system of social and racial control that affects those with criminal justice (CJ) contact and entire communities where it is concentrated - is a public health crisis. Incarceration worsens mental health (MH) and contributes to MH disparities across the life course given incarceration’s disproportionate impact on Black, low-income, and rural communities. Incarceration also has individual and community MH effects. Recognizing the negative health effects of incarceration, probation has been lauded as an alternative. In fact, 3.6 million individuals in the United States (US) are on probation, far more than the number incarcerated. Yet, it remains unclear what the effect of probation is on health, including MH. Because probation is so common and seen as an alternative to incarceration, it is essential to know if the deleterious effects of probation mirror those of incarceration. The objectives of this proposal are to (1) characterize longitudinal patterns of CJ involvement from adolescence to midlife by race, (2) evaluate the relationship between probation and MH and racial disparities in this relationship, and (3) evaluate temporal and geographic trends in the relationship between probation, race, and MH at the county level. For the first two objectives, to assess individual effects, The National Longitudinal Study of Youth97 will be used, which is a longitudinal, nationally representative data set of adolescents born from 1980- 1984 with data from adolescence through midlife. For the third objective, to assess community effects, North Carolina administrative data on probation, self-inflicted injury, and suicide will be used. The completion of the proposed aims will significantly advance our understanding of the relationship between CJ and health and has the potential to inform probation policies, provide valuable insights on probation’s community-wide effects, and inform interventions to improve MH among this often-forgotten population. The training plan outlined in this proposal will equip the applicant, Katherine LeMasters, with critical knowledge in mass incarceration and health disparities and with necessary skills in social and spatial epidemiology and in large population-based data and administrative data use. This plan will prepare her to successfully complete the proposed aims and to progress into a role as an independent, interdisciplinary researcher researching the intersection of mass incarceration and health equity in the US. The applicant is incredibly well supported by an interdisciplinary group of CJ researchers, epidemiologists, health disparities researchers, and health geographers with the requisite expertise to support her doctoral research and prepare her for the next phase of her career.