Simulation Tools for 3D and 4D CT and Dosimetry

用于 3D 和 4D CT 及剂量测定的仿真工具

• 批准号: 10394330
• 负责人: Ehsan Samei
• 金额: $ 54.54万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-22 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10394330
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Abdomen; Anatomy; Cancerous; Cardiac; Caring; Clinic; Clinical; Computer software; Contrast Media; Data; Detection; Development; Devices; Disease; Dose; Ensure; Ethics; Evaluation; Foundations; Functional Imaging; Funding; Health; Heterogeneity; Human; Image; Imaging Phantoms; Imaging technology; Industry; Lesion; Manufacturer Name; Methods; Modeling; Morphologic artifacts; Morphology; Noise; Organ; Pathologic; Patient imaging; Patients; Performance; Perfusion; Photons; Population; Radiation; Radiation Dose Unit; Radiation exposure; Research Design; Resolution; Resources; Role; Safety; Scientist; Series; Specimen; Stenosis; System; Task Performances; Techniques; Technology; Texture; Tissue Model; Tissues; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; analytical method; base; cardiac plaque; clinical application; clinical care; clinical practice; computerized; computerized tools; cost; cost efficient; deep learning; design; detector; dosimetry; experimental study; human imaging; human subject; improved; insight; learning strategy; photon-counting detector; prototype; quantitative imaging; simulation; soft tissue; tool; unethical; virtual; virtual imaging

Abstract Photon-counting CT (PCCT) is a major technological advance in CT imaging. Using photon-counting instead of current energy-integrating detectors, PCCT can offer superior performance in terms of spatial resolution, artifact reduction, and most notably, material decomposition. PCCT’s energy differentiation utility offers an ability to more precisely distinguish different materials and optimize and expand the use of contrast agents in CT. With these abilities, PCCT can significantly facilitate quantitative imaging, reduce radiation exposure, and enable revolutionary new applications in functional and physiological imaging beyond existing CT techniques. To realize the full potential of PCCT in clinical practice, the technology needs comprehensive assessments and application-based optimizations. Effective design and deployment of PCCT depends on many design and use choices that should be made in view of the eventual clinical utility. Making these choices requires large scale trials on actual patients. However, such trials are challenging, considering the need to make many decisions prior to prototyping, the limited numbers of prototype PCCT scanners available today, and the often-unknown ground-truth in the patient images. Even for existing prototype systems, many decisions require repetitive trials with multiple acquisitions. This is both unethical and impractical considering radiation safety concerns and costs. These challenges can be overcome by utilizing virtual imaging trials (VITs) using computerized patients and imaging models. VITs provide an efficient means with which to determine the most effective and optimized design and use of imaging technologies with complete control over the study design. In our prior funded project, we developed a VIT framework to evaluate standard energy-integrating detector CT technologies. In this project, we expand the applicability of this framework to photon-counting detector CT. Specifically, we enhance our computational XCAT phantoms to model the necessary higher-resolution detail including normal and abnormal tissue heterogeneities and intra-organ contrast perfusion diversity across populations (Aim 1). To image the phantoms, we develop the first PCCT simulator capable of mimicking existing and emerging prototypes (Aim 2). The enhanced VIT framework will provide the essential foundation with which to comprehensively evaluate and optimize PCCT technologies and applications. In Aim 3, we assess and optimize the use of PCCT for morphological, textural, and compositional quantification in select oncologic and cardiac applications, two leading health detriments in the US where PCCT can offer a notable impact. The results will be the first of their kind in comprehensively evaluating the task-based merits and capabilities of PCCT, determining optimum dose per patient size for PCCT imaging of patients for cancerous lesions and cardiac plaque/stenoses, and helping to establish the effective utility of PCCT in clinical care.

抽象的 光子计数 CT (PCCT) 是 CT 成像的一项重大技术进步。使用光子计数代替 与当前的能量积分探测器相比，PCCT 在空间分辨率、伪影等方面具有卓越的性能 减少，尤其是材料分解。 PCCT 的能源差异化实用程序提供了更多能力 精准区分不同材质，优化拓展CT造影剂的使用。有了这些 能力，PCCT 可以显着促进定量成像，减少辐射暴露，并使 超越现有 CT 技术的功能和生理成像革命性新应用。 为了充分发挥 PCCT 在临床实践中的潜力，该技术需要进行全面的评估和 基于应用程序的优化。 PCCT的有效设计和部署取决于许多设计和使用 应根据最终的临床效用做出选择。做出这些选择需要大规模 对实际患者进行试验。然而，考虑到需要做出许多决定，此类试验具有挑战性 在原型制作之前，目前可用的原型 PCCT 扫描仪数量有限，而且通常不为人知 患者图像中的真实情况。即使对于现有的原型系统，许多决策也需要重复试验 并进行多次收购。考虑到辐射安全问题和成本，这既不道德也不切实际。 这些挑战可以通过使用计算机化患者和患者的虚拟成像试验（VIT）来克服。 成像模型。 VIT 提供了一种有效的方法来确定最有效和最优化的设计 以及使用成像技术来完全控制研究设计。 在我们之前资助的项目中，我们开发了一个 VIT 框架来评估标准能量积分探测器 CT 技术。在这个项目中，我们将该框架的适用性扩展到光子计数探测器 CT。 具体来说，我们增强了计算 XCAT 模型来模拟必要的更高分辨率的细节 包括正常和异常组织异质性以及器官内对比灌注多样性 人口（目标 1）。为了对模型进行成像，我们开发了第一个能够模仿现有 PCCT 模拟器 和新兴原型（目标 2）。增强的 VIT 框架将为 全面评估和优化PCCT技术和应用。在目标 3 中，我们评估并 优化 PCCT 在特定肿瘤和疾病中的形态、结构和成分定量的使用 心脏应用是美国两大主要健康危害，PCCT 可以对其产生显着影响。结果 将是同类中第一个全面评估 PCCT 基于任务的优点和能力的项目， 确定每个患者体型的癌症病变和心脏 PCCT 成像的最佳剂量 斑块/狭窄，并帮助建立 PCCT 在临床护理中的有效应用。