Simulation Tools for 3D and 4D CT and Dosimetry

用于 3D 和 4D CT 及剂量测定的模拟工具

• 批准号: 8469755
• 负责人: Ehsan Samei
• 金额: $ 35.82万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-22 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8469755
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Age; Anatomic Models; Anatomy; Area; Automobile Driving; Awareness; Cardiac; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Protocols; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Communities; Computer Simulation; Consensus; Data; Databases; Development; Documentation; Dose; Female; Foundations; Gender; Goals; Head; Height; Human; Human body; Image; Imaging Device; Imaging Techniques; International; Knowledge; Laboratories; Libraries; Manufacturer Name; Maps; Medical Imaging; Methods; Metric; Modeling; Motion; Organ; Patients; Pelvis; Population; Radiation; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Risk; Scanning; Series; Structure; System; Techniques; Time; Tomography, Computed, Scanners; Tube; Universities; Variant; Vulnerable Populations; Weight; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; base; clinical application; computational anatomy; computerized; detector; dosimetry; flexibility; improved; infancy; innovation; male; patient population; phantom model; population based; programs; prospective; public health relevance; respiratory; simulation; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): With the growing use of computed tomography (CT) and the increasing awareness of radiation risk, important areas of research concern (1) optimizing CT clinical applications to minimize radiation dose and (2) developing methods to accurately assess radiation risk from examinations. Due to radiation concerns in patients and the limited number of physical phantoms that do not reflect the variability of patient anatomy, such research can only be performed using a population of realistic computational phantoms, which currently does not exist. Current phantoms used in CT are limited to only a handful of models, most being adults. In the previous project, we developed the new 4D XCAT computational phantom for use in 3D and 4D CT research. Based on high-resolution imaging data, we created detailed whole-body models for the male and female XCAT adult, including the cardiac and respiratory motions, containing over 9000 anatomical structures. In part one of this renewal, we will extend the XCAT beyond these adult models by utilizing innovative methods in computational anatomy, that have long been used to characterize anatomical variations in populations, to efficiently create an unprecedented library of hundreds of highly detailed 4D XCAT phantoms. The models will realistically represent the full spectrum of the public at large including both genders, and varying ages, heights, and weights from infancy to adulthood. The ability to model anatomical variations is essential to CT imaging optimization. A population of phantoms that includes a range of anatomical variations representative of the public at large is needed to more closely mimic a clinical study or trial. Such a library of anatomically diverse phantoms also offers the only practical technique with which to estimate patient-specific CT dose and associated radiation risk. In the second part of this project, the library will be combined with an accurate Monte Carlo dose estimation program, developed and validated in this work, to investigate patient-based and population-based dose correlations in CT. The findings will be used to establish a patient-specific retrospective and prospective CT dose reporting system. Such a system will be instrumental in proper documentation of radiation risk, justifiable use of CT examination, and optimization of clinical CT applications in terms of image quality and radiation dose, particularly in vulnerable populations. It further supports the current mandate to account for cumulative radiation dose exposure from medical imaging. Distributed to the research community, the dosimetry methods and the phantom library will provide vital tools to quantitatively evaluate and improve 3D and 4D CT imaging devices and techniques.

描述（由申请人提供）：随着计算机断层扫描（CT）的使用越来越多，辐射风险意识越来越强，研究关注的重要领域包括（1）优化CT临床应用以最大限度地减少辐射剂量，以及（2）开发准确评估检查辐射风险的方法。由于患者的辐射问题和不反映患者解剖结构变化的物理体模数量有限，因此只能使用目前不存在的真实计算体模群体进行此类研究。目前用于CT的体模仅限于少数模型，大多数是成人。在之前的项目中，我们开发了新的4D XCAT计算体模，用于3D和4D CT研究。基于高分辨率成像数据，我们为男性和女性XCAT成年人创建了详细的全身模型，包括心脏和呼吸运动，包含9000多个解剖结构。在此次更新的第一部分中，我们将通过利用计算解剖学中的创新方法将XCAT扩展到这些成人模型之外，这些方法长期以来一直用于表征人群中的解剖学变化，以有效地创建数百个高度详细的4D XCAT模型的前所未有的库。这些模型将真实地代表整个公众的全方位，包括性别，以及从婴儿到成年的不同年龄，身高和体重。对解剖变异进行建模的能力对于CT成像优化至关重要。为了更接近地模拟临床研究或试验，需要包括一系列代表公众的解剖变异的体模人群。这样一个解剖学上不同的体模库也提供了唯一的实用技术，以估计患者特定的CT剂量和相关的辐射风险。在本项目的第二部分，该库将结合一个准确的蒙特卡罗剂量估计程序，开发和验证这项工作，以调查基于患者和基于人口的剂量相关性在CT。研究结果将用于建立患者特异性回顾性和前瞻性CT剂量报告系统。这种系统将有助于正确记录辐射风险，合理使用CT检查，并在图像质量和辐射剂量方面优化临床CT应用，特别是在脆弱人群中。它还支持目前关于说明医疗成像累积辐射剂量照射的任务规定。分发给研究界，剂量测定方法和体模库将提供重要的工具，以定量评估和改善三维和四维CT成像设备和技术。