Residential radon exposure and stroke risk: the REGARDS study

中风仍然是美国死亡和残疾的主要原因。 有效预防是减轻这一疾病负担的最佳战略。种族和地域 几十年来，在美国已经观察到中风死亡率的变化。然而，这些原因 变化尚不清楚。氡暴露对人类健康的影响越来越大， 认可.氡是一种无色、无味的放射性气体，由镭的放射性衰变形成。 226，它进入家庭，和其他建筑物，通过裂缝和渗透在建筑物的基础结构。 氡已被国际癌症研究机构列为人类肺癌致癌物 于1988年最近，在美国以外的一些国家进行的一些研究已经将氡联系起来，即使是在低水平。 暴露的水平，中风的风险。在美国，县级氡暴露与 心血管和代谢疾病的死亡率增加。该项目的总体目标是 研究氡暴露与中风风险之间的关系，并调查地理位置是否 氡浓度的变化与美国中风率的分布有关。具体来说，我们将 检查县和家庭两级氡暴露与缺血性中风风险的关系。在 此外，我们将通过将氡暴露与血压联系起来来探讨潜在的机制， 高血压、脂质谱以及止血和炎症生物标志物。氡暴露量稳步上升 在现代北美居住环境中。这项拟议中的研究将是第一次评估氡 美国普通人群中的暴露和中风风险，包括男性和女性非洲裔美国人， 白种人由于氡暴露的随机临床试验不可行，因此本项目的结果将 提供对美国中风率种族和地理差异的见解，并可能确定一个 中风的潜在可改变的危险因素。

Stroke remains a major cause of death and disability in the U.S. Identifying modifiable risk factors to develop effective prevention is the best strategy for reducing the burden of this disease. Racial and geographic variations in stroke mortality has been observed in the U.S. for decades. However, the reasons for these variations are still unclear. The impact of radon exposure in relation to human health has been increasingly recognized. Radon is a colorless, odorless, radioactive gas, formed through the radioactive decay of radium- 226, which enters homes, and other buildings, through cracks and penetrations in the building substructure. Radon has been classified as a human lung carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer since 1988. Recently, some studies conducted in countries outside the U.S. have linked radon, even at low levels of exposure, to the risk of stroke. In the U.S., county-level radon exposure has been associated with elevated mortality from cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The overarching goal of this project is to examine the association between radon exposure and stroke risk and to investigate whether geographic variation of radon concentration is related to the distribution of stroke rate in the U.S. Specifically, we will examine radon exposure at both county- and household-level in relation to the risk of ischemic stroke. In addition, we will explore the underlying mechanisms by linking radon exposure to blood pressure, hypertension, lipid profile, and hemostatic and inflammatory biomarkers. Radon exposure is rising steadily within the modern North American residential environment. The proposed study will be the first to assess radon exposure and stroke risk in the U.S. general population, including both male and female African Americans and Caucasians. Since randomized clinical trial on radon exposure is not feasible, findings from this project will provide insights into the racial and geographic variations of stroke rate in the U.S. and possibly identify a potential modifiable risk factor for stroke.