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Administrative Supplement: Stable isotope biomarker for added sugar intake and sweet taste phenotypes in mother-child dyads

行政补充：稳定同位素生物标志物，用于母子二人中添加糖摄入量和甜味表型

基本信息

批准号：
10405696
负责人：
Alissa D. Smethers
金额：
$ 0.25万
依托单位：
MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-02-11 至 2022-02-10
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY: ABSTRACT Observational evidence has linked excessive added sugar intake with diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease; thus, strategies to reduce added sugar intake are a clear public health priority. To determine if an individual is consuming too much added sugar, dietary recall is typically used; while they are the gold standard for dietary assessment, they are subject to challenges. Objective dietary intake measures are needed to investigate associations among intake, behaviors, and health outcomes. Prior research indicates that carbon-13 relative to carbon-12 [13C] in hair is a biomarker that reflects free-living intake of added sugar derived from corn and cane. However, studies are needed with more racially/ethnically diverse populations that include children younger than 6 years of age and that are sufficiently powered to analyze the influence of the sex of the child. Reports suggest maternal parenting practices surrounding foods, especially sweets, vary between sons and daughters, which in turn could contribute to differences in added sugar intake. This cross- sectional study will determine for the first time variation in 13C among a racially diverse group of 3- to 7-year- old boys and girls in the context of their mothers—the caregivers who not only provide the foods but also teach children the social and cultural meaning of sweet foods in the home. We will take a multipronged, rigorous approach that (a) incorporates children’s sex as a biological variable, (b) uses state-of-the-art diet assessment and analysis measures with the expertise of PhD-level Registered Dietitians to determine added sugar intake and diet, and (c) uses validated methods to assess sweet taste phenotypes (e.g., level of sweetness most preferred, sweet food liking). By phenotyping both mothers and their children, we will determine intake variation both within and between dyads; the level of concordance among diet, sweet taste phenotypes, and 13C; and whether these factors differ by the sex of the child. The proposed study will provide me with the needed training in human psychophysical taste testing procedures, dietary biomarker assessment, experimental method and design, and scientific underpinnings of ontogeny of chemical senses, and build the foundation needed to transition to an independent scientist conducting inter-disciplinary work in the chemical senses and nutrition relevant to the mission of the NIDCD.

项目摘要：摘要观察证据表明，过量添加糖摄入与肥胖、糖尿病等疾病有关。心脏病;因此，减少添加糖摄入量的策略显然是公共卫生优先事项。确定是否一个人摄入了过多的添加糖，通常使用饮食回忆；虽然他们是黄金饮食评估标准，他们面临挑战。需要客观的饮食摄入量测量研究摄入量、行为和健康结果之间的关联。先前的研究表明头发中的碳 13 相对于碳 12 [13C] 是反映自由生活中添加糖摄入量的生物标志物源自玉米和甘蔗。然而，需要对更多种族/民族的人群进行研究，包括 6 岁以下且有足够能力分析影响的儿童孩子的性别。报告显示，母亲对食物（尤其是糖果）的养育方式各不相同儿子和女儿之间存在差异，这反过来又可能导致添加糖摄入量的差异。这个跨分段研究将首次确定 3 至 7 岁不同种族群体中 13C 的变化在母亲的背景下，年长的男孩和女孩——照顾者不仅提供食物，还教导孩子孩子们了解家里甜食的社会和文化意义。我们将采取多管齐下、严格该方法 (a) 将儿童性别作为生物变量，(b) 使用最先进的饮食评估并利用博士级注册营养师的专业知识进行分析，以确定添加糖的摄入量和饮食，以及（c）使用经过验证的方法来评估甜味表型（例如，最首选，喜欢甜食）。通过对母亲及其孩子进行表型分析，我们将确定摄入量的变化在二元组内部和之间；饮食、甜味表型和 13C 之间的一致性水平；和这些因素是否因孩子的性别而异。拟议的研究将为我提供所需的培训人类心理物理味觉测试程序、饮食生物标志物评估、实验方法和化学感官个体发育的设计和科学基础，并建立所需的基础转型为独立科学家，在化学感官和营养方面进行跨学科工作与 NIDCD 的使命相关。