Enabling Realistic HAZMAT Training Simulations with the PerSim® Augmented Reality Patient Simulator: Phase II

意义：尽管患者模拟器在 医学培训方面，存在着明显的实践性缺失。因此，它们不会有效地引发 实习生的现实情绪反应。这极大地限制了他们的教育价值 紧急医疗服务(EMS)培训机构，就像人体模型一样，他们的 成本，对电力的依赖，以及缺乏便携性。要解决这些重大限制， 目前的医用患者模拟器，PI已经开发了PerSimTM，一个使用 增强现实(AR)，目前是PI的公司提供的一款产品。但是，更多 需要进行研究和开发，以有效支持危险物质培训场景。至 为了进一步提高危险物质的现实性和实用性，采购经理人确定了以下需求： 1)定义特定身体部位的皮肤损伤，目前仅限于全身和2) 通过净化和稳定已暴露的伤亡人员的行动。商业需求： 根据对EMS机构内培训机构个人的采访，危险物质培训 情景将具有重大价值。自2017年第四季度上映以来，还有更多 超过25个站点购买了多个PerSim®系统，每个系统的价格约为20-3万美元，并且正在使用 EMS培训系统，每个系统每年有效培训100多名学员。此外， Pi与微软达成了一项联合营销协议，这促进了该公司的营销努力。 初步数据：PI开发了PerSim®，这是一种基于AR的患者模拟器。通过 Microsoft HoloLens 2 AR显示屏，该系统投射出高分辨率、逼真的动画 实习生选择的任何表面上的患者，例如作为体检的低保真人体模型 手术过程中触觉输入的参考。讲师将手持平板电脑用作 用于模拟的控制器和跟踪受训人员表现的自动评估系统。 该系统利用另一片充当呼吸机、静脉输液泵、除颤器和生理 监护仪可提供实时生命体征和心率数据。系统的控制接口，以及 注册算法获得了专利。具体目标：该项目计划在以下方面进行扩展 在PI创新的基于AR的患者模拟器中开发的SBIR第一阶段中开发的危险物质内容， PerSim®。具体目标1：增加危险物质烧伤和皮肤暴露的可定制性 PerSim®的场景；具体目标2：开发用于现场控制培训的危险区 PerSim®；具体目标3：在PerSim®开发非门诊虚拟患者的疏散； 具体目标4：通过用户研究评估PerSim®HAZMAT的真实性和可用性 危险物质专家和新手作为参与者。

Significance: Although patient simulators have demonstrated improved learning outcomes in medical training, there is a significant lack of realism. Thus, they do not effectively provoke a realistic emotional response in trainees. This significantly limits their educational value to the emergency medical service (EMS) training agencies, as does – in the case of mannequins – their cost, reliance on electricity, and lack of portability. To address these significant limitations of the current medical patient simulators, the PI has developed PerSimTM, a patient simulator using augmented reality (AR) and currently a product offered by the PI's company. However, additional research and development in is needed to effectively support HAZMAT training scenarios. To further increase realism and utility for HAZMAT, the PIs have identified the following needs: 1)Define skin injury over specific body locations, which currently are only full body and 2)the movement of exposed casualties , through decontamination and stabilization. Commercial Need: Based on interviews with individuals at training agencies within EMS agencies, HAZMAT training scenarios would be of significant value. Since being released in 4th quarter 2017, there are more than 25 sites that have purchased multiple PerSim® systems for ~$20-30K each and are using the systems for EMS training, each effectively training over 100 trainees per year. Moreover, the PI has a joint marketing agreement with Microsoft, which boosts the company’s marketing efforts. Preliminary Data: The PI has developed PerSim® an AR-based patient simulator. Via the Microsoft HoloLens 2 AR display, the system projects high-resolution, realistic animations of a patient onto any surface a trainee chooses, such as low-fidelity mannequin as a physical reference for haptic input during procedures. The instructor uses a handheld tablet as both a controller for the simulation and an automated assessment system to track trainee performance. The system utilizes another tablet to act as a ventilator, IV Pump, defibrillator and a physiologic monitor to provide real-time vital sign and heart rhythm data. The system’s control interfaces, and registration algorithms are patented. Specific Aims: This project proposes to expand upon HAZMAT content developed in SBIR Phase I in the PI's innovative AR-based patient simulator, PerSim®. Specific Aim 1: Increase the customizability of HAZMAT burn and skin exposure scenarios for PerSim®; Specific Aim 2: Develop HAZMAT zones for scene control training in PerSim®; Specific Aim 3: Develop evacuation of non-ambulatory virtual patients in PerSim®; Specific Aim 4: Evaluation of Realism and Usability of PerSim® HAZMAT through user studies with HAZMAT experts and novices as participants.