Enabling Realistic HAZMAT Training Simulations with the PerSim™ Augmented Reality Patient Simulator

摘要 意义：虽然患者模拟器已经证明了在学习效果方面的改善， 医学训练中，存在着严重的现实主义缺失。因此，它们不会有效地激发 真实的情绪反应。这大大限制了他们的教育价值， 紧急医疗服务（EMS）培训机构，因为-在人体模型的情况下-他们的 成本、对电力的依赖以及缺乏便携性。为了解决这些重大的局限性， 目前的医疗病人模拟器，PI已经开发了PerSimTM，病人模拟器使用 增强现实（AR），目前是PI公司提供的产品。然而，额外的 需要进行研究和开发，以有效地支持危险品培训方案。 商业需求：基于与EMS培训机构人员的访谈 机构，HAZMAT培训方案将具有重大价值。自从第四次被释放以来 2017年第一季度，有4个站点以约20 - 30K美元的价格购买了PerSimTM，并正在使用 EMS培训系统，每年有效培训100多名学员。此外，PI 与微软达成的联合营销协议，该协议将促进该公司的营销努力。 初步数据：PI开发了PerSimTM，一种基于AR的患者模拟器。经由 微软HoloLens AR显示器，该系统投影高分辨率，逼真的动画， 病人到任何表面受训者选择，如低保真度人体模型作为物理 手术期间触觉输入的参考。教师使用手持平板电脑， 控制器的模拟和自动评估系统，以跟踪学员的表现。 该系统利用另一个平板电脑作为除颤器和生理监测器，以提供 实时生命体征和心律数据。系统的控制界面和注册 算法暂时获得专利。具体目标：本项目旨在开发和 在PI创新的基于AR的患者模拟器PerSimTM中评估HAZMAT培训场景。 在具体目标1中，PI将与UT Health的医学艺术家和危险品专家合作 创建逼真的场景并将其与PerSimTM系统集成。PI计划开发 纹理和动画基于NFPA 472响应者能力标准， 有害物质，特别是有毒气体（例如，光气）吸入，腐蚀性材料 (e.g.,起泡剂如芥末），和有毒物质（例如，有机磷酸盐）。在 具体目标2，PI将通过用户研究评估HAZMAT情景的真实性 专业人员作为参与者。

Abstract Significance: Although patient simulators have demonstrated improved learning outcomes in medical training, there is a significant lack of realism. Thus, they do not effectively provoke a realistic emotional response in trainees. This significantly limits their educational value to the emergency medical service (EMS) training agencies, as does – in the case of mannequins – their cost, reliance on electricity, and lack of portability. To address these significant limitations of the current medical patient simulators, the PI has developed PerSimTM, a patient simulator using augmented reality (AR) and currently a product offered by the PI's company. However, additional research and development in is needed to effectively support HAZMAT training scenarios. Commercial Need: Based on interviews with individuals at training agencies within EMS agencies, HAZMAT training scenarios would be of significant value. Since being released in 4th quarter 2017, there are 4 sites that have purchased PerSimTM for ~$20-30K each and are using the system for EMS training, effectively training over 100 trainees per year. Moreover, the PI has a joint marketing agreement with Microsoft, which boost the company’s marketing efforts. Preliminary Data: The PI has developed PerSimTM an AR-based patient simulator. Via the Microsoft HoloLens AR display, the system projects high-resolution, realistic animations of a patient onto any surface a trainee chooses, such as low-fidelity mannequin as a physical reference for haptic input during procedures. The instructor uses a handheld tablet as both a controller for the simulation and an automated assessment system to track trainee performance. The system utilizes another tablet to act as a defibrillator and a physiologic monitor to provide real-time vital sign and heart rhythm data. The system’s control interfaces and registration algorithms are provisionally patented. Specific Aims: This project proposes to develop and evaluate HAZMAT training scenarios in the PI's innovative AR-based patient simulator, PerSimTM. In Specific Aim 1, the PI will work with medical artists from UT Health and a HAZMAT expert co-I to create realistic scenarios and integrate them with the PerSimTM system. The PI plans to develop textures and animations based on NFPA 472 Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials, specifically poisonous gas (e.g., phosgene) inhalation, corrosive materials (e.g., a vesicular agent such as Mustard), and poisonous materials (e.g., organophosphate). In Specific Aim 2, the PI will evaluate the realism of the HAZMAT scenarios through user studies with HAZMAT professionals as participants.