Longitudinal Effects of Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Racial Discrimination on Health Among African Americans and Puerto Ricans

社会经济劣势和种族歧视对非裔美国人和波多黎各人健康的纵向影响

• 批准号: 10408219
• 负责人: Kerstin Pahl
• 金额: $ 6.2万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-24 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10408219
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Area; Central American; Chronic; Color; Conscious; Cuban; Data; Development; Discrimination; Dominican; Ecosystem; Education; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Family; Female; Fibrinogen; Financial Hardship; Friends; Goals; Growth; Health; Healthy People 2020; Hispanics; Intervention; Latino; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Longevity; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Mexican; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Occupations; Organism; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Persons; Physiological; Plague; Policies; Population; Public Health; Puerto Rican; Research; Research Proposals; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sampling Studies; Schools; Self Concept; South American; Stress; Structure; Systems Theory; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Variant; Work; allostatic load; base; contextual factors; cost; emerging adulthood; experience; health disparity; health equity; health goals; male; middle age; peer; protective factors; racial and ethnic; racial discrimination; racial health disparity; racial identity; resilience; social; social health determinants; social relationships; socioeconomic disadvantage; socioeconomics; theories; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The proposed research would capitalize on a wealth of longitudinal data previously collected at key developmental stages over a period of 27 years as part of the Harlem Longitudinal Development Study. It has two major aims: The first is to identify the mediators of the relationships between social determinants of health (i.e., socioeconomic disadvantage and ethnicity-based/racial discrimination) and allostatic load in a sample of African Americans and Puerto Ricans entering midlife. The research proposal is guided by a contextual- developmental model based in Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory, as well as a pathophysiological theory of stress (allostatic load). Second, the research will identify the differential developmental trajectories of perceived ethnicity-based/racial discrimination from late adolescence to the early forties, examine their associations with allostatic load and mental health in the early forties, and test the ability of resilience resources to mitigate these associations. The sample for this study will consist of 400 male and female African Americans and Puerto Ricans who were previously seen in adolescence (T1, T2), emerging adulthood (T3), young adulthood (T4), and adulthood (T5, T6). Identifying the pathways through which risk and protective factors for allostatic load operate will have important implications for public health by providing targets for intervention and informing policy. Finding moderating constructs that can mitigate the deleterious sequelae of chronic ethnicity-based/racial discrimination will highlight significant areas of resilience. Such a focus on resilience not only moves away from a deficit perspective of people of color, but also has the potential to transform policy and interventions by building on strengths, rather than treating deficits. A move in this direction is an important step towards reaching the goal of eliminating the significant social and ethnic/racial health disparities that plague the U.S. and realizing health equity for all.

项目概要/摘要 拟议的研究将利用先前在关键领域收集的大量纵向数据 作为哈林区纵向发展研究的一部分，我们对 27 年的发展阶段进行了研究。它有 两个主要目标：第一个是确定健康社会决定因素之间关系的中介因素 （即社会经济劣势和基于民族/种族的歧视）和样本中的配置负荷 非裔美国人和波多黎各人步入中年。该研究提案以情境为指导—— 基于生态系统理论的现象学变体的发展模型，以及 应激的病理生理学理论（动态负荷）。其次，研究将确定差异 从青春期后期到早期感知到的基于族裔/种族歧视的发展轨迹 四十岁，检查他们与四十岁出头的非稳态负荷和心理健康的关系，并测试能力 的弹性资源来减轻这些关联。本研究的样本将包括 400 名男性和 以前在青春期（T1、T2）出现的女性非裔美国人和波多黎各人，正在出现 成年期（T3）、青年期（T4）和成年期（T5、T6）。识别风险和影响的途径 不平衡负荷运行的保护因素将通过提供对公众健康产生重要影响 干预和通报政策的目标。寻找可以减轻有害影响的调节结构 长期基于族裔/种族歧视的后遗症将凸显重要的复原力领域。这样一个 对复原力的关注不仅摆脱了有色人种的赤字观点，而且还具有潜力 通过发挥优势而不是解决赤字来转变政策和干预措施。这一举动 方向是实现消除重大社会和族裔/种族歧视目标的重要一步 困扰美国的健康差距并实现所有人的健康公平。