Project 3: Technology Tools for Cognitive Support for Health Management Activities for Aging Adults with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment

项目摘要 运行状况自我管理-从快速增长的阵列中收集、组织运行状况信息并采取行动 在线医疗信息来源-对许多老年人，特别是 有认知障碍。这个项目的目标是支持老年人的认知成分 通过开发数字助理技术工具开展健康管理活动 示范医疗保健管理任务活动：访问支持服务、管理医疗保健财务、 并使用Medicare.gov提供的健康管理工具。该项目将利用这台机器- 我们合作者的智能专业知识以及我们在开发和评估技术方面的经验 支持老年人的健康和福祉需求，以利用技术提供认知支持 老年人，包括轻度认知障碍(MCI)和SES较低的人。该项目有三个目标： 1)确定阻碍不同老年人使用当前医疗保健管理工具的障碍和促进者 3项有针对性的任务活动，并提供支持这些活动的技术工具所需资源；2) 开发高可用、可靠的智能数字助理，能够适应大量的 三个示范领域中每一个领域的医疗保健任务；以及3)评估被比较的助手的效果 到包括数字助理控件(例如，谷歌助手)的常用工具。该项目将由以下部分组成 三个阶段。第一阶段将在我们的三个研究地点使用多方法方法来评估需求 以及不同的老年人在执行这三项健康管理活动时面临的挑战。 技术包括对主题专家的结构化一对一访谈，认知任务分析 现有工具，以及对老年人任务执行情况的过程跟踪。在第二阶段，我们将使用以下知识 源自第一阶段，以及对老年人认知能力和局限性的了解，以及 他们的需求和偏好，进行数字助理工具的迭代设计，并评估他们的 使用有认知障碍和无认知障碍的老年人的有效性和感知可用性 技术技能。在第三阶段，我们将对这三种数字助理工具进行比较评估 通过随机抽取240个跨站点样本，进行健康管理活动(每个领域4个问题) 参与者，有或没有MCI，年龄、民族/种族、SES和技术经验各不相同，到 工具和控制条件，评估新工具的有效性和可用性。该项目将产生重要的 关于如何最好地设计技术辅助工具的信息，为健康决策提供认知支持。

Project Summary Health self-management—gathering, organizing, and acting on health information from a rapidly growing array of online sources of healthcare information—is cognitively challenging for many older adults, especially those with cognitive impairments. The goal for this project is to support the cognitive components of older adults’ health-management activities through development of digital assistant technology tools tailored to three exemplar healthcare management task activities: accessing support services, managing healthcare finances, and using the health-management tools provided by Medicare.gov. This project will leverage the machine- intelligence expertise of our collaborators and our experience in developing and evaluating technologies for supporting the health and wellbeing needs of older adults to harness technology to provide cognitive support to aging adults, including those with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and lower SES. The project has three aims: 1) identify barriers and facilitators to diverse older adults use of current tools for managing healthcare in the three targeted task activities and provide requirements for technology tools to support these activities; 2) develop highly usable and reliable intelligent digital assistants capable of adapting to a large array of healthcare tasks in each of the three exemplar areas; and 3) evaluate the efficacy of the assistants compared to a usual tool including a digital assistant control (e.g., Google Assistant). The project will be comprised of three phases. Phase 1 will use a multimethod approach across our three study sites to assess the demands and challenges facing diverse older adults in the performance of the three health-management activities. Techniques include structured one-on-one interviews of subject matter experts, cognitive task analysis of existing tools, and process tracing of older adults’ task performance. In Phase 2, we will use the knowledge derived from Phase 1, together with an understanding of older adults’ cognitive capabilities and limitations, and their needs and preferences, to conduct iterative design of the digital assistant tools and evaluate their effectiveness and perceived usability using older adults with and without cognitive impairments and diverse in technology skills. In Phase 3, we will do a comparative assessment of the digital assistant tools for the three health-management activities (4 problems in each domain) by randomizing a cross-site sample of 240 participants, with and without MCI, varying in age, ethnicity/race, SES, and technology experience, to novel tool and control conditions, assessing efficacy and usability of the novel tools. The project will yield important information on how best to design technology aids to provide cognitive support for health decision making.