Defining the DNA damage pathway in faithful mitotic progression

项目摘要/摘要 基因组不稳定是癌症的一个标志，与患者总体预后不良有关。一种特定的 基因组不稳定的形式是染色体不稳定(CIN)，当一个细胞连续错误分离时就会发生 他们的染色体导致了核型的变化。宫颈上皮内瘤变是癌症的常见特征--大约 90%的实体瘤和50%的血液癌表现为CIN。CIN也与增加的 肿瘤进展和患者预后不良。然而，CIN水平必须保持在最佳水平 水平，因为太高水平的错误分离事件对细胞有害。这创造了一种治疗 化疗可以利用CIN创造针对癌细胞的有效治疗方法的窗口。ATR，a 掌握DNA损伤修复途径的调节者，通过促进DNA损伤修复来确保基因组的稳定性 和及时复制。我最近发现，ATR还通过促进忠诚来促进基因组的稳定性 有丝分裂中的染色体分离与CIN的预防。在此应用程序中，我建议调查 ATR在有丝分裂中被激活的机制(目标1)，鉴定其底物网络(目标2)并使用ATR 对CIN癌细胞的特异性抑制(目标3)。我提出的研究可能会揭示更多新的功能 研究ATR在有丝分裂中的作用，使我们能够更好地理解ATR和其他 DDR蛋白质，以确保适当的染色体分离。这反过来又会让我们更好地理解 有丝分裂和DDR蛋白在确保基因组稳定性方面的重叠。最后，我希望制定一项战略来 特异地杀死CIN癌细胞将是靶向癌症治疗的一个突破。 我的职业目标是在一家领先的机构获得一个研究教员的职位，在那里我将剖析 ATR和其他DDR蛋白调节染色体分离的机制。我的成功过渡 通过增加我在细胞生物学、质谱学和老鼠癌症模型方面的专业知识，将会得到支持。 我将利用这些获得的技能来研究ATR抑制剂是否可以专门针对CIN癌症 细胞。重要的是，这一裁决提供的保护时间将使我能够通过 哪些ATR被激活，并确定ATR抑制剂是否可以用于开发癌细胞中的CIN。此外， 我将得到的杰出合作者的建议将大大加强这个项目的成功 在K22时期。获得这一奖项将使我能够扩大我的研究计划并确立自己的地位 作为癌症生物学领域的主要研究员。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Genomic instability is a hallmark of cancer and correlated with overall poor patient prognosis. A specific form of genomic instability is chromosomal instability (CIN), which occurs when a cell continuously missegregate their chromosomes leading to changes in karyotype. CIN is a common feature of cancer – with approximately 90% of solid tumors and 50% of hematopoietic cancers exhibiting CIN. CIN is also correlated with increased tumor progression and poor patient prognosis. However, the levels of CIN must be maintained at an optimal level, because too high levels of missegregation events are deleterious to cells. This creates a therapeutic window by which chemotherapies can exploit CIN to create effective treatments against cancer cells. ATR, a master regulator of DNA damage repair pathways, ensures genomic stability by promoting DNA damage repair and timely replication. I recently showed that ATR also promotes genomic stability by promoting faithful chromosome segregation in mitosis and preventing CIN. In this application, I propose to investigate the mechanism by which ATR is activated in mitosis (Aim 1), identify its substrate network (Aim 2) and use ATR inhibition to target CIN cancer cells specifically (Aim 3). My proposed studies may reveal more novel functions of ATR in mitosis and allow us to better understand of how mitotic processes are regulated by ATR and other DDR proteins to ensure proper chromosome segregation. This in turn, will give us a better understanding of the overlap of mitotic and DDR proteins in ensuring genomic stability. Lastly, I hope that developing a strategy to specifically kill CIN cancer cells will be a breakthrough in targeted cancer therapies. My career goal is to obtain a research faculty position at a leading institution where I will dissect the mechanisms by which ATR and other DDR proteins regulate chromosome segregation. My successful transition would be bolstered by augmenting my expertise in cell biology, mass spectrometry and mouse cancer models. I will use these acquired skills to investigate whether ATR inhibitors can be used to specifically target CIN cancer cells. Importantly, the protected time that this award provides me will allow me to elucidate the mechanism by which ATR is activated and determine if ATR inhibitors can be used to exploit CIN in cancer cells. Furthermore, the success of this project will be greatly enhanced by the outstanding collaborators that I will have advise me through the K22 period. The receipt of this award will allow me to expand my research plan and establish myself as a primary investigator in the field of cancer biology.