Carbohydrate Structure Controls on Human Gut Microbial Ecology

碳水化合物结构对人体肠道微生物生态的控制

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    10416010
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2019-08-09 至 2024-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Low gut microbiota diversity is associated with many chronic diseases including metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and colorectal cancer. The human costs are staggering and increasing; IBD, alone, impacts 3.1 million Americans, causing lower quality of life, high hospitalization rates, and healthcare costs of over $6.8 billion, especially among those of low socioeconomic status. Westernization of diet is correlated with reduced gut microbial diversity compared to that of traditional diets. Recently, research groups have determined that this loss of gut microbial species is linked to the high- fat, low-fiber Western diet, in mice, these extinctions compound over generations, and higher consumption of fermentable dietary fibers modestly increases gut microbiome diversity. Complicating understanding of fiber influences on the gut microbiome is that, although often combined into a single category, dietary fibers are actually a diverse set of molecularly-distinct carbohydrate structures. Though microbes are known to exclude each other in competition for growth on simple substrates (e.g., glucose), little is known about how complex substrates affect the ecology of microbial communities. Because such complex substrates are too large to directly be imported through the cell envelope, external degradative enzymes must first act to convert components of the complex substrate into a transportable form that can be imported into the enzyme- producing cell; until then, the hydrolyzed products remain available to any microbe. Thus, external degradation of complex substrates by specific microbes that encode the degradative enzymes has the capacity to produce “public goods” that cross-feed other organisms lacking the ability to consume the complex substrate. This is especially true of polysaccharides, as carbohydrates are composed of many different types of glycosyl residues connected by diverse types of bonds. The human gut is an environment rich in complex polysaccharides, and the structural complexity of these substrates suggest the possibility that organisms might be able to co-exist in consuming a complex substrate. This may be one mechanism preserving or increasing microbial diversity in the colon. Here, we describe an integrated experimental and modeling approach in three interconnected projects to identify gut microbe traits that influence competitiveness for complex carbohydrates, determine hydrolysis and transport traits important for polysaccharide response in vivo, and elucidate and model microbe-host metabolic interactions in carbohydrate fermentation. We employ a combination of in vitro ecological experiments, mechanistic and genome-scale metabolic in silico models, chemical biology-based probing using oligosaccharide mimics, and microfluidic systems for high-throughput screening of carbohydrate- microbiota-host interactions to achieve these ends. The goal of my work is to identify the principles governing how carbohydrate structure controls the gut microbiota and human physiology, to enable rational design of carbohydrates and dietary strategies to manage gut microbiota diversity and function for improved health.
肠道菌群多样性低与包括II型代谢综合征在内的许多慢性疾病有关

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}

Stephen Robert Lindemann其他文献

Stephen Robert Lindemann的其他文献

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

{{ truncateString('Stephen Robert Lindemann', 18)}}的其他基金

Carbohydrate Structure Controls on Human Gut Microbial Ecology
碳水化合物结构对人体肠道微生物生态的控制
  • 批准号:
    10645210
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
Carbohydrate Structure Controls on Human Gut Microbial Ecology
碳水化合物结构对人体肠道微生物生态的控制
  • 批准号:
    10194548
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:

相似海外基金

Conference: 7th Pan American Plant Membrane Biology Workshop, Merida, Mexico, June 18-21 2023
会议:第七届泛美植物膜生物学研讨会,墨西哥梅里达,2023 年 6 月 18-21 日
  • 批准号:
    2328521
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Vascular Biology 2023 - Annual Meeting of the North American Vascular Biology Organization
血管生物学 2023 - 北美血管生物学组织年会
  • 批准号:
    10754000
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology: Biogeography and community assembly of North American Carboniferous ecosystems
NSF 生物学博士后奖学金:北美石炭纪生态系统的生物地理学和群落组装
  • 批准号:
    2209043
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award
11th Latin American Society for Developmental Biology (LASDB) Conference
第 11 届拉丁美洲发育生物学会 (LASDB) 会议
  • 批准号:
    10827693
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
2022 American Society for Matrix Biology Workshop on Fibroblasts: The Many Faces of Fibroblasts
2022 年美国基质生物学学会成纤维细胞研讨会:成纤维细胞的多面性
  • 批准号:
    10540466
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
Conference: 2022 Meeting of the Pan-American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Vancouver, Canada July 17-20, 2022)
会议:泛美进化发育生物学学会2022年会议(加拿大温哥华,2022年7月17-20日)
  • 批准号:
    2231171
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology: Importance of monsoon rains for songbird migration and stopover refueling in the American desert southwest
美国国家科学基金会生物学博士后奖学金:季风降雨对美国西南部沙漠鸣禽迁徙和中途停留补给的重要性
  • 批准号:
    2209064
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award
Vascular Biology 2021: Annual meeting of the the North American Vascular Biology Organization (NAVBO)
血管生物学 2021:北美血管生物学组织 (NAVBO) 年会
  • 批准号:
    10237619
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
Increasing Undergraduate Student Interpreters' Fluency and Accuracy in Interpreting Biology Vocabulary in American Sign Language
提高本科生口译员翻译美国手语生物学词汇的流畅性和准确性
  • 批准号:
    2019843
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
2019 Meeting of the Pan-American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Miami, Florida, July 30 - August 3, 2019
2019年泛美进化发育生物学会会议,佛罗里达州迈阿密,2019年7月30日至8月3日
  • 批准号:
    1936868
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 37.59万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
{{ showInfoDetail.title }}

作者:{{ showInfoDetail.author }}

知道了