Navigation with complex odor dynamics: computational principles and neural circuit implementation in mice

复杂气味动力学导航：计算原理和小鼠神经回路实现

• 批准号: 10417160
• 负责人: David Henry Gire
• 金额: $ 33.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10417160
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Air Movements; Algorithms; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animal Behavior; Animals; Area; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Models; Brain; Calcium; Cells; Chronic; Code; Cognitive deficits; Complex; Computer Models; Computers; Cues; Data; Decision Making; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Environmental Wind; Exposure to; Food; Genetic; Goals; Head; Image; Implant; Label; Liquid substance; Measures; Mental disorders; Modeling; Monitor; Mus; Nature; Neurosciences; Nose; Nutrient; Odors; Olfactory Pathways; Organism; Outcome; Output; Parkinson Disease; Partner in relationship; Pathologic; Performance; Phase; Polar Bear; Positioning Attribute; Process; Reading; Resources; Route; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Series; Soil; Source; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Training; Travel; Viral; autism spectrum disorder; base; behavior test; behavioral response; calcium indicator; experimental study; insight; interest; miniaturize; neural circuit; neurophysiology; olfactory bulb; predictive modeling; relating to nervous system; seal; sensor; sensory input; sensory integration; simulation; source localization

PROJECT SUMMARY All animals use sensory cues to find their way through complex environments and locate vital resources such as food or mates. From simple organisms such as worms finding nutrient-rich soil at centimeter-scale distances to polar bears following their noses across kilometers to feed upon seal carcasses, the ability to navigate an environment using odors is one of the most evolutionarily ancient and widespread examples of this complex behavior. Interest in the ability to navigate with odors has spanned decades and resulted in numerous models suggesting how animals can accomplish this feat. Testing these models is extremely difficult because in nearly all terrestrial environments odors are transported as fluctuating plumes by turbulent air flow. This necessitates either the use of simplifying models for odor flow or complex three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations. In both cases, only statistical connections can be made between the performance of a simulated searcher and the behavior and neural processing of an animal. This limitation rules out the ability to combine moment-to-moment neural recordings with the sensory input guiding an animal’s behavior. This proposal represents a cross-disciplinary effort between experts in fluid dynamics, olfactory systems neuroscience, and neurophysiology to directly establish the algorithms used for odor-guided navigation and the neural implementation of these algorithms in the early olfactory system of mice. We will use newly developed, miniature odor sensors to record odor plumes at the mouse nose during odor-guided navigation. By combining these sensor readings with computational models of odor flow we will directly test the behavioral algorithms used by mice to navigate with odor plumes. To establish the neural implementation of these algorithms we will perform large-scale neural imaging and electrophysiology recordings from the early olfactory system while monitoring odor plume input at the nose. We will also use viral labeling techniques to selectively record neural activity from cells that send output to specific downstream cortical structures. By recording neural activity from olfactory bulb cells with specific cortical targets we will test how odor information is routed from sensory to decision-making areas to support odor-guided navigation. Finally, we will combine these levels of analysis to generate a complete model of odor-guided navigation that connects behavioral algorithms to neural implementation.

项目摘要 所有动物都使用感官提示在复杂的环境中找到自己的方式，并找到重要的资源 作为食物或伴侣。从诸如蠕虫等简单生物中发现营养丰富的土壤，以厘米级 北极熊沿着公里数的鼻子距离北极熊，以封印尸体为食。 导航一种使用气味的环境是最古老和广泛的例子之一 复杂的行为。对用气味导航能力的兴趣已经跨越了数十年，并导致了许​​多 模型表明动物如何完成这一壮举。测试这些模型非常困难，因为 在几乎所有的陆地环境中，气味都是通过湍流流动作为波动的羽流。这 需要使用简化的气味模型或复杂的三维计算 流体动力学模拟。在这两种情况下，性能之间都只能建立统计连接 模拟搜索者以及动物的行为和神经加工。这个限制排除了 能够将力矩与时刻的神经记录与感官输入相结合，从而指导动物的行为。 该建议代表了流体动力学，嗅觉系统专家之间的跨学科工作 神经科学和神经生理学直接建立用于气味引导的算法和 这些算法在早期的小鼠嗅觉系统中的神经实施。我们将使用新开发的 在气味引导的导航期间，微型气味传感器可记录小鼠鼻子的气味羽状。通过组合 这些传感器读数具有气味流的计算模型，我们将直接测试行为算法 由小鼠用气味羽流导航。为了确定这些算法的神经元实现，我们将 从早期的嗅觉系统中执行大规模的神经成像和电生理记录 监测鼻子的OTOR羽流输入。我们还将使用病毒标签技术有选择地记录中性 从将输出发送到特定下游皮质结构的细胞的活性。通过记录来自 具有特定皮质靶标的嗅球细胞我们将测试如何从感觉到气味信息 决策领域以支持气味引导的导航。最后，我们将将这些分析级别结合到 生成一个完整的气味引导导航模型，该导航将行为算法与神经元联系起来 执行。