Modulation of olfactory bulb processing by centrifugal projections from piriform

描述（由申请人提供）：感觉神经科学的主要目标是了解神经活动如何形成感知并指导清醒行为受试者的行为。清醒动物的感觉处理的一个主要组成部分涉及基于行为背景的感觉信息的过滤。该提案的第一个目标是使用清醒的行为小鼠的嗅球的神经记录来确定嗅觉系统早期阶段存在的行为过滤的程度。第二个目标是研究来自皮层的反馈离心投射在控制这种过滤中所起的作用。第二个目标将使用光激活蛋白的病毒转导来实现，以选择性地阻断小鼠基于嗅觉的行为期间来自嗅觉（梨状）皮层的反馈。这些研究选择嗅觉系统是基于其对小鼠明确的行为学相关性，以及其从梨状皮质到嗅球的明确的离皮质反馈。由于这些嗅觉反馈预测类似于在其他感觉系统中看到的皮质-丘脑反馈，我们的研究将适用于各种形式的感觉过滤的一般机制，并且将与影响感觉过滤的疾病特别相关，例如精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍。 公共卫生相关性：该提案中的研究将调查行为背景在感觉过滤中所起的作用，以及这种过滤发生的可能神经机制。这些研究将适用于涉及感觉过滤缺陷的精神疾病，如精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A chief goal of sensory neuroscience is to understand how neural activity forms perception and guides behavior in awake, behaving subjects. A main component of sensory processing in awake animals involves the filtering of sensory information based upon behavioral context. The first goal of this proposal is to use neural recordings from the olfactory bulbs of awake, behaving mice to ascertain the degree of behavioral filtering present in the early stages of the olfactory system. The second goal is to examine the roles that feedback centrifugal projections from the cortex play in controlling this filtering. The second goal will be achieved using viral transduction of light-activated proteins to selectively block feedback from the olfactory (piriform) cortex during olfactory-based behaviors in mice. The olfactory system has been chosen for these studies based upon its clear ethological relevance for mice, as well as its well-defined corticofugal feedback from the piriform cortex to the olfactory bulb. Since these olfactory feedback projections resemble cortico-thalamic feedback seen in other sensory systems, our studies will be applicable to general mechanisms of sensory filtering across modalities, and will have particular relevance to disorders that impact sensory filtering, such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The studies within this proposal will investigate the role that behavioral context plays in sensory filtering, as well as possible neural mechanisms through which this filtering occurs. These studies will have applicability to psychiatric disorders that involve deficits in sensory filtering, such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders.