Regulation of early life immunity by maternal microchimeric cells

PI/PD：Jain，Nitya博士 项目总结 早期生命免疫力在一段时间内发展和成熟，使新生儿容易受到不良影响。 微生物相遇。事实上，细菌感染是早产儿和足月儿死亡的主要原因。 在这一脆弱时期，将保护性母体因素转移给后代是一条关键的防线。 这种保护的一只手臂来自植入的母体微嵌合细胞(MMC)，这些细胞被转移到 怀孕期间的后代。在人类中，MMCs有可能改变后代的免疫反应 抗原挑战包括疟疾和Epstein-Barr病毒感染。产妇的免疫状态是否 在怀孕期间感染和免疫引起的改变微嵌合体和随后的 后代的免疫反应尚不清楚。我们的建议解决了这一知识鸿沟。 越来越多的证据，最近来自SARS-CoV-2大流行的证据表明，许多传染病 对儿童的影响不同于成人。理解这些差异，包括母性因素如何 有助于早期生命免疫反应的功能可塑性，将对疾病有重要的洞察力 发病机制和新疗法的发展。

PI/PD: Jain, Nitya Ph.D. PROJECT SUMMARY Early life immunity develops and matures over a period of time, leaving newborns susceptible to adverse microbial encounters. Indeed, bacterial infections are a major cause of mortality in preterm and term newborns. Protective maternal factors transferred to offspring are a crucial line of defense during this vulnerable period. One arm of this protection arises from engrafted maternal microchimeric cells (MMCs) that are transferred into the offspring during pregnancy. In humans, MMCs have the potential to alter offspring immune responses to antigenic challenge including malarial and Epstein-Barr virus infection. Whether maternal immune states arising from infection and immunization during pregnancy alters the nature of microchimerism and subsequent offspring immune responses is unknown. Our proposal addresses this knowledge gap. Accumulating evidence, most recently from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, indicate that many infectious diseases affect children differently than adults. Understanding these differences, including how maternal factors contribute to the functional plasticity of early life immune responses, will yield important insight into disease pathogenesis and inform development of new therapeutics.