Intimate partner violence and early mother-child bonding

母性纽带是母亲和孩子之间最早的情感联系。当 这种纽带被破坏，对母子关系有不利影响， 对儿童的身体、认知和社会情感健康造成毁灭性后果。 尽管有许多心理社会因素与不良的关系有关， 我们知道键合出错的过程此外，尽管研究表明， 主要集中在出生后影响母婴联系的因素，有强有力的证据表明， 母婴关系在怀孕期间就开始了， 幼儿期。这个RO 3项目的目的是测试一种新的产前结合模型， 解释了母体和胎儿生物标志物（ANS/胎动），产前 结合行为和母亲对胎儿的认知在调解关系 ANS/胎动和亲密行为之间的联系重要的是，该模型提出 当女性经历过性行为时， 亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）。我们将评估200名来自我们正在进行的NICHD的参与者- 资助的RO 1赠款，这是探索IPV压力的影响，在怀孕期间和早期 婴儿期对其他各种母婴结局的影响。我们将开始测试我们的模型 在现有的RO 1的第三季度评估。为此，我们将增加以下评估： 母体自主神经系统（ANS）活动（心率和迷走神经张力）与 胎动，母亲对胎儿归因的自我报告测量，并观察 自我报告产前亲密行为。我们将在出生后一个月内 评估以确定怀孕期间母胎结合的过程， 影响母婴之间的联系从这项研究中收集的知识将是至关重要的 制定干预措施，以影响母亲对胎儿的产前认知， 以防止有问题的母胎和（后来的）母婴的破坏性影响， 前将芯片

Maternal bonding is the earliest emotional connection between a mother and her child. When this bond is damaged, there are adverse effects on the mother-child relationship and devastating consequences for the child’s physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional health. Although numerous psychosocial factors have been associated with poor bonding, very little is known about the process by which bonding goes awry. In addition, although research has focused mainly on factors influencing mother-infant bonding after birth, there is strong evidence that mother-infant bonding begins during pregnancy and shows moderate stability through toddlerhood. The purpose of this RO3 project is to test a novel prenatal model of bonding that explicates the association among maternal and fetal biomarkers (ANS/fetal movement), prenatal bonding behaviors, and maternal cognitions about the fetus in mediating the relationship between ANS/fetal movement and bonding behaviors. Importantly, the model proposes mechanisms by which the maternal-fetal bond can become impaired when women experience intimate partner violence (IPV). We will assess 200 participants from our ongoing NICHD- funded RO1 grant, which is exploring the effects of IPV stress during pregnancy and early infancy on a variety of other maternal and infant outcomes. We will begin to test our model during the existing RO1’s third trimester assessment. To do this, we will add assessments of maternal autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity (heart rate and vagal tone) associated with fetal movement, self-reported measures of maternal attributions about the fetus, and observed and self-report prenatal bonding behaviors. We will then add an additional one-month post-birth assessment to determine the process by which the maternal-fetal bond during pregnancy can affect the maternal-infant bond. Knowledge gleaned from this research will be crucial in developing interventions to influence maternal prenatal cognitions about the fetus as a strategy to prevent the devastating effects of problematic maternal-fetal and (later) maternal-infant bonding.