Self-collimating Single Photon Emission Breast Tomography System with Three-Dimensional Sparse Position-Sensitive Detectors

具有三维稀疏位置敏感探测器的自准直单光子发射乳腺断层扫描系统

• 批准号: 10432218
• 负责人: RUTAO YAO
• 金额: $ 24.99万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10432218
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Abbreviations; American; Anatomy; Architecture; Back; Breast; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Collimator; Computer Simulation; Crystallization; Detection; Development; Diagnostic tests; Disease; Evaluation; Event; Gamma Rays; Image; Imaging Phantoms; Imaging technology; Individual; Lesion; Lifting; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammography; Measures; Mechanics; Metals; Methods; Mole the mammal; Molecular; Morbidity - disease rate; Morphology; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Patients; Performance; Photons; Play; Positioning Attribute; Property; Radiation Dose Unit; Radioactivity; Radioisotopes; Radiopharmaceuticals; Reporting; Resolution; Rod; Role; Scheme; Screening for cancer; Screening procedure; Side; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Tracer; Woman; Work; base; breast cancer diagnosis; breast imaging; cancer diagnosis; contrast imaging; cost; design; detection platform; detector; effective therapy; image reconstruction; imaging detector; imaging system; improved; malignant breast neoplasm; mortality; novel; prevent; prototype; response; screening; stem; tomography; tumor

Project Summary Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among American women and is projected to become the most common cancer globally in 2021. To minimize the morbidity and mortality of this disease, it is imperative to develop improved testing methods to enable more effective treatment. The proposed work is to develop a new Single Photon Emission Breast Tomography (SPEBT) scanner to carry out radionuclide tracer based molecular breast imaging which has demonstrated clear advantages in the early detection of cancer malignancy in clinical trials, because of its 1) capability to detect pathological functional changes which take place before morphological anatomical developments and 2) up-to pico-mole sensitivity, which stems from collecting signals directly at the molecular level. The SPEBT system will have a system detection efficiency of 3.5×10-2 and spatial resolution of 2-mm, which are 50 and 2 times better than that of state-of-the-art dedicated single photon emission molecular breast imaging cameras, respectively. The significant imaging performance improvement will ease existing concerns on radiation dose and the inability to detect tumors of less than 5-mm in size — issues that have prevented molecular breast imaging from playing a much more prominent role in clinical breast cancer diagnosis and screening. The enabling concept behind the high-performance of the SPEBT is a novel detector architecture, a three-dimensional sparse position-sensitive detector, that achieves collimation largely by and for itself, which is termed self-collimation. This architecture allows the SPEBT to achieve both high-resolution and high detection efficiency. This is a critical conceptual breakaway from the mechanical-collimator-based detector structure that single-photon emission imaging technology relies on for years — mechanical collimator mandates an inverse interdependency between the resolution and detection efficiency, therefore, sets a hard ceiling for overall imaging performance. The proposed approach opens up a broad path to better imaging performance for breast and other imaging applications. The proposed project is to design and evaluate a SPEBT system with optimized configurations and develop and test a proof-of-concept SPEBT prototype.

项目概要 乳腺癌是美国女性中诊断最多的癌症，预计 到 2021 年将成为全球最常见的癌症。为了最大限度地降低癌症的发病率和死亡率 对于这种疾病，当务之急是开发改进的检测方法，以便更有效地 治疗。 拟议的工作是开发一种新的单光子发射乳房断层扫描（SPEBT） 扫描仪进行基于放射性核素示踪剂的分子乳腺成像，已证明 在临床试验中早期检测癌症恶性肿瘤方面具有明显的优势，因为它 1) 能够检测形态学之前发生的病理功能变化 解剖学的发展和 2) 高达皮摩尔的灵敏度，源于收集信号 直接在分子水平上。 SPEBT系统将具有3.5×10-2的系统探测效率和空间分辨率 2毫米，分别比最先进的专用单光子好50倍和2倍 分别发射分子乳腺成像相机。显着的成像性能 改进将缓解现有的对辐射剂量和无法检测肿瘤的担忧 尺寸小于 5 毫米——这些问题阻碍了分子乳腺成像发挥作用 在临床乳腺癌诊断和筛查中的作用更加突出。 SPEBT 高性能背后的实现理念是一种新颖的探测器 架构，一种三维稀疏位置敏感探测器，可实现准直 很大程度上是靠其本身，这被称为自准直。该架构允许 SPEBT 实现高分辨率和高检测效率。这是一个关键的概念突破 基于机械准直器的探测器结构可实现单光子发射成像 技术依赖多年——机械准直器要求反向相互依赖 因此，分辨率和检测效率之间的差距为整体成像设定了硬性上限 表现。所提出的方法为获得更好的成像性能开辟了一条广阔的道路 乳房和其他成像应用。 拟议项目是设计和评估具有优化配置的 SPEBT 系统 并开发和测试概念验证 SPEBT 原型。