Self-collimating Single Photon Emission Breast Tomography System with Three-Dimensional Sparse Position-Sensitive Detectors

具有三维稀疏位置敏感探测器的自准直单光子发射乳腺断层扫描系统

• 批准号: 10625452
• 负责人: RUTAO YAO
• 金额: $ 20.04万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10625452
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Abbreviations; American; Anatomy; Architecture; Back; Breast; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Collimator; Computer Simulation; Dedications; Detection; Development; Diagnostic tests; Disease; Electroplating; Evaluation; Event; Gamma Rays; Image; Imaging Phantoms; Imaging technology; Individual; Lesion; Lifting; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammography; Measures; Mechanics; Methods; Molecular; Morbidity - disease rate; Morphology; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Patients; Performance; Photons; Play; Positioning Attribute; Property; Radiation Dose Unit; Radioactivity; Radioisotopes; Radiopharmaceuticals; Reporting; Resolution; Rod; Role; Scheme; Screening for cancer; Screening procedure; Side; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Tracer; Woman; Work; breast cancer diagnosis; breast imaging; cancer diagnosis; contrast imaging; cost; design; detection platform; detector; effective therapy; image reconstruction; imaging detector; imaging system; improved; malignant breast neoplasm; mortality; novel; prevent; prototype; response; screening; stem; tomography; tumor

Project Summary Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among American women and is projected to become the most common cancer globally in 2021. To minimize the morbidity and mortality of this disease, it is imperative to develop improved testing methods to enable more effective treatment. The proposed work is to develop a new Single Photon Emission Breast Tomography (SPEBT) scanner to carry out radionuclide tracer based molecular breast imaging which has demonstrated clear advantages in the early detection of cancer malignancy in clinical trials, because of its 1) capability to detect pathological functional changes which take place before morphological anatomical developments and 2) up-to pico-mole sensitivity, which stems from collecting signals directly at the molecular level. The SPEBT system will have a system detection efficiency of 3.5×10-2 and spatial resolution of 2-mm, which are 50 and 2 times better than that of state-of-the-art dedicated single photon emission molecular breast imaging cameras, respectively. The significant imaging performance improvement will ease existing concerns on radiation dose and the inability to detect tumors of less than 5-mm in size — issues that have prevented molecular breast imaging from playing a much more prominent role in clinical breast cancer diagnosis and screening. The enabling concept behind the high-performance of the SPEBT is a novel detector architecture, a three-dimensional sparse position-sensitive detector, that achieves collimation largely by and for itself, which is termed self-collimation. This architecture allows the SPEBT to achieve both high-resolution and high detection efficiency. This is a critical conceptual breakaway from the mechanical-collimator-based detector structure that single-photon emission imaging technology relies on for years — mechanical collimator mandates an inverse interdependency between the resolution and detection efficiency, therefore, sets a hard ceiling for overall imaging performance. The proposed approach opens up a broad path to better imaging performance for breast and other imaging applications. The proposed project is to design and evaluate a SPEBT system with optimized configurations and develop and test a proof-of-concept SPEBT prototype.

项目摘要 乳腺癌是美国女性中诊断最多的癌症，预计 成为2021年全球最常见的癌症。最大限度地减少 这种疾病，当务之急是开发改进的测试方法，使更有效的 治疗 本研究旨在开发一种新的单光子发射乳腺断层扫描仪（SPEBT） 扫描仪进行放射性核素示踪剂为基础的分子乳腺成像，这已经证明 在临床试验中早期发现癌症恶性肿瘤的明显优势，因为它的1） 检测在形态学改变之前发生的病理性功能变化的能力 解剖学的发展和2）高达皮摩尔的灵敏度，这源于收集信号 直接在分子水平上。 SPEBT系统将具有3.5×10-2的系统探测效率和空间分辨率 的2毫米，这是50和2倍优于国家的最先进的专用单光子 发射分子乳腺成像相机分别。显着的成像性能 这一改进将缓解目前对辐射剂量和无法检测肿瘤的担忧。 小于5毫米的尺寸--这些问题阻碍了分子乳腺成像在乳腺癌中发挥作用， 在临床乳腺癌诊断和筛查中的作用更加突出。 SPEBT高性能背后的启用概念是一种新型探测器 架构，一个三维稀疏的位置敏感探测器，实现准直 这被称为自准直。该架构允许SPEBT 实现高分辨率和高检测效率。这是一个关键的概念突破 从基于机械准直器的探测器结构中 技术依赖多年-机械准直器要求反向相互依赖 因此，在分辨率和探测效率之间，为整体成像设置了一个硬上限 性能所提出的方法为更好的成像性能开辟了广阔的道路， 乳房和其他成像应用。 本计画旨在设计与评估一个具有最佳组态的SPEBT系统 并开发和测试概念验证SPEBT原型。