Firearm Involvement in Adolescent Children of Formerly Incarcerated Parents: A Prospective Intergenerational Study of Resilience Within Families

项目摘要/摘要 该提案回应了RFA-CE-20-006，目标一，资助选项B。 一个紧迫的公共卫生问题。尽管凶杀案和其他暴力犯罪有所下降，但仍涉及枪支 从2008年到2018年，美国有超过14万人死于犯罪。青春年华 青少年司法系统受到枪支暴力的影响不成比例。许多少年犯成为 父母年轻时；他们的孩子很可能面临卷入枪支和成为受害者的极大风险。 然而，关于父母在青春期如何接触枪支的数据却非常少 和年轻的成年人，影响他们的孩子的风险。我们设计了下一代，由国家资助 儿童健康、人类发展研究所、国家司法研究所和其他机构 这一点和其他关键遗漏。利用我们已收集的关于原始参与者的预期数据，NEXT 世代包括第一项前瞻性研究，研究高危父母现在和过去如何参与 枪支(拥有、实施暴力和受害)会影响其青春期子女的健康。 然而，这项研究只对每个家庭中的一个孩子进行了抽样。我们建议疾控中心扩大我们的 对枪支的代际研究，以增加兄弟姐妹。我们建议增加532次采访：165次与兄弟姐妹和 对他们的父母和二级照顾者进行了另外367次访谈。建议进行的研究的总N 那么枪支将是1,585：709名儿童，加上544名父母和332名二级照顾者。资金来源： 疾控中心将使我们能够实现三个目标：目标1：审查枪支参与的模式，重点是 兄弟姐妹之间的和谐和不和谐的模式。目的2：考察父母(G1)的影响 枪支介入对子女卷入的影响(G2)，重点关注兄弟姐妹在这方面的差异 两性关系。目标3：确定解释家庭内部和家庭之间的风险和保护因素 不同之处。拟议的前瞻性研究有几个主要特点：(1)样本将包括足够的 有枪械接触史(包括受害和犯罪)的父母检查 对子女的影响和兄弟姐妹之间的差异；(2)样本主要由以下成分组成 在社会经济上处于不利地位的非裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人，这些群体面临着最严重的 枪支暴力的后果；以及(3)设计将提供多层次数据，以确定风险和 保护性因素，解释了为什么兄弟姐妹中的一个能够避免卷入枪支，而另一个则不能。 调查结果将指导为最高风险家庭制定和调整预防性干预措施。 我们将提供数据，以响应疾控中心确定减少不正当访问策略的优先事项 禁止未成年人使用和使用武器，并防止致命暴力。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This proposal responds to RFA-CE-20-006, Objective One, Funding Option B. Firearm violence is an urgent public health problem. Despite declines in homicide and other violent crime, firearms were involved in the crime-related deaths of more than 140,000 people in the United States from 2008 to 2018. Youth in the juvenile justice system are disproportionately affected by firearm violence. Many juvenile offenders become parents when young; their children are likely to be at significant risk for firearm involvement and victimization. Yet there are remarkably few data on how parents’ involvement with firearms, during their own adolescence and young adulthood, influences their children’s risk. We designed Next Generation, funded by the National Institute of Child Health, Human Development the National Institute of Justice, and other agencies to address this and other key omissions. Leveraging prospective data already collected on our original participants, Next Generation includes the first prospective study of how high-risk parents’ current and past involvement with firearms (ownership, perpetration of violence, and victimization) influences that of their adolescent children. This study, however, samples only one child per family. We propose that the CDC augment our intergenerational study of firearms to add siblings. We propose to add 532 interviews: 165 with siblings and 367 additional interviews with their parents and secondary caregivers. Total N of the proposed study of firearms would then be 1,585: 709 children plus 544 parents and 332 secondary caregivers. Funding from the CDC will allow us to address three aims: Aim 1: to examine patterns of firearm involvement focusing on patterns of concordance and discordance between siblings. Aim 2: to examine the influence of parents’ (G1) firearm involvement on their children’s involvement (G2), focusing on differences between siblings in this relationship. Aim 3: to identify risk and protective factors that explain within- and between-family differences. The proposed prospective study has several key features: (1) the sample will include enough parents with a history of involvement with firearms (including victimization and perpetration) to examine the influence on their children and differences between siblings; (2) the sample is composed predominantly of socioeconomically disadvantaged African Americans and Hispanics, groups that face the most grievous consequences of firearm violence; and (3) the design will provide multilevel data to identify the risk and protective factors that explain why one sibling is able to avoid firearm involvement while the other is not. Findings will guide the development and adaptation of preventive interventions for the highest risk families. We will provide data responding to the CDC’s priority of identifying strategies to decrease inappropriate access to and use of weapons by minors and to prevent lethal violence.