Neural basis of trans-saccadic perception

项目摘要 人类的视觉依赖于称为眼跳的快速眼球运动，这种眼球运动每隔几次发生一次 第二。这些扫视将周边识别的物体带到中心凹以获得高分辨率 检查。这个瞬间的世界样本定义了自然界的感知-行动循环 视觉，并深刻地影响感知。虽然对神经机制的了解很多， 与这个周期的开始有关，在扫视之前如何选择目标，几乎没有什么是 已知眼跳前表征如何影响眼跳后加工 关于现在出现在中心凹的目标的信息。建议的研究内容包括 有关扫视前后视觉信息如何组合的基本问题 跨扫视，以最大限度地获取有关受监视目标的信息。实验将在 常见的绒猴，一种新大陆灵长类动物，其光滑的皮质为 使用高密度硅阵列跨皮质表示进行记录，并在较长期内 用于大规模神经电路的成像和光遗传操作。在目标1中，我们将测试 早期视皮层中的扫视前信息增强，有利于更高敏锐度的信息 这与中心凹关系最密切，因此可以为黄金后提供一种“中心凹预览”。 扫视加工。在目标2中，我们测试前扫视增强是否是靶点特异性的 涉及目标特征的选择，例如方向或运动。在《目标3》中，我们从 早期视觉皮质中的中心凹群体，以确定扫视前选择如何改变后扫视 扫视处理，具体地说，如果目标偏向的扫视前特征选择 在增加增益的基础上有利于在中心凹继续选择目标的处理 因为它的特点。这项研究将在单个神经元和 视跳后黄斑中心凹增强的神经编码和视跳前靶点选择的作用。 这对理解自然观看条件下的注意力有更广泛的影响 眼睛分析视觉场景，更广泛地说，是为了了解感觉-运动预测如何影响 视觉感知。

Project Summary Human vision relies on rapid eye movements called saccades that occur a few times every second. These saccades bring peripherally identified objects to the fovea for high resolution inspection. This split-second sampling of the world defines the perception-action cycle of natural vision and profoundly impacts perception. While much is known about the neural mechanisms involved in the onset of this cycle, how targets are selected before saccades, virtually nothing is known about how pre-saccadic representations would impact processing of post-saccadic information about targets that now appear at the fovea. The proposed research addresses fundamental questions about how pre- and post-saccadic visual information are combined across saccades to maximize information for attended targets. Experiments will be performed in the common marmoset, a New World primate whose smooth cortex affords advantages for recording with high-density silicon arrays across cortical representations and in the longer term for imaging and optogenetic manipulation of large scale neural circuits. In Aim 1, we will test if pre-saccadic information is enhanced in early visual cortex to favor higher acuity information that is most relevant to the fovea and thus could provide a “foveal preview” to prime post- saccadic processing. In Aim 2 we test if pre-saccadic enhancement is target specific and involves a selection of target features, such as orientation or motion. In Aim 3 we record from foveal populations in early visual cortex to determine how pre-saccadic selection alters post- saccadic processing, and specifically, if pre-saccadic feature selection of the target biases processing to favor the continued selection of the target at the fovea based on increasing gain for its features. This research will provide the first evaluation at the level of single neurons and neural codes of post-saccadic foveal enhancement and the role of pre-saccadic target selection. This has broader impacts for understanding attention under natural viewing conditions where the eyes parse visual scenes, and more generally, for how sensory-motor predictions influence visual perception.