Neural basis of trans-saccadic perception

项目摘要 人类的视觉依赖于快速的眼球运动，称为扫视，每隔一段时间发生几次。 一下这些扫视将外围识别的对象带到中央凹以获得高分辨率 检查这种对世界的瞬间采样定义了自然的感知-动作周期 视觉和深刻影响感知。虽然我们对大脑的神经机制 参与了这个周期的开始，在扫视之前如何选择目标，实际上没有什么是 关于扫视前表示将如何影响扫视后表示的处理， 关于现在出现在中央凹处的目标的信息。拟议的研究涉及 关于扫视前和扫视后视觉信息如何结合的基本问题 以最大限度地为关注的目标提供信息。实验将在 普通的绒猴，一种新大陆的灵长类动物，其光滑的皮层为 记录与高密度硅阵列在整个皮层代表，并在长期 用于大规模神经回路的成像和光遗传学操纵。在目标1中，我们将测试 前扫视信息在早期视觉皮层中增强以有利于更高敏锐度信息 这与中央凹最相关，因此可以提供“中央凹预览”， 扫视加工在目标2中，我们测试扫视前增强是否是目标特异性的， 涉及目标特征的选择，例如方向或运动。在目标3中，我们记录了 在早期视觉皮层的中央凹人口，以确定如何前扫视选择改变后， 扫视处理，并且具体地，如果目标偏差的扫视前特征选择 基于增加的增益而有利于在中央凹处继续选择目标的处理 因为它的特点。这项研究将首次在单个神经元水平上进行评估， 扫视后中央凹增强的神经编码和扫视前目标选择的作用。 这对理解自然观看条件下的注意力有更广泛的影响， 眼睛解析视觉场景，更一般地说，用于感觉运动预测如何影响 视觉感知

Project Summary Human vision relies on rapid eye movements called saccades that occur a few times every second. These saccades bring peripherally identified objects to the fovea for high resolution inspection. This split-second sampling of the world defines the perception-action cycle of natural vision and profoundly impacts perception. While much is known about the neural mechanisms involved in the onset of this cycle, how targets are selected before saccades, virtually nothing is known about how pre-saccadic representations would impact processing of post-saccadic information about targets that now appear at the fovea. The proposed research addresses fundamental questions about how pre- and post-saccadic visual information are combined across saccades to maximize information for attended targets. Experiments will be performed in the common marmoset, a New World primate whose smooth cortex affords advantages for recording with high-density silicon arrays across cortical representations and in the longer term for imaging and optogenetic manipulation of large scale neural circuits. In Aim 1, we will test if pre-saccadic information is enhanced in early visual cortex to favor higher acuity information that is most relevant to the fovea and thus could provide a “foveal preview” to prime post- saccadic processing. In Aim 2 we test if pre-saccadic enhancement is target specific and involves a selection of target features, such as orientation or motion. In Aim 3 we record from foveal populations in early visual cortex to determine how pre-saccadic selection alters post- saccadic processing, and specifically, if pre-saccadic feature selection of the target biases processing to favor the continued selection of the target at the fovea based on increasing gain for its features. This research will provide the first evaluation at the level of single neurons and neural codes of post-saccadic foveal enhancement and the role of pre-saccadic target selection. This has broader impacts for understanding attention under natural viewing conditions where the eyes parse visual scenes, and more generally, for how sensory-motor predictions influence visual perception.