Neural basis of trans-saccadic perception

跨眼跳知觉的神经基础

• 批准号: 10440444
• 负责人: JUDE F MITCHELL
• 金额: $ 36.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10440444
• 关键词: Address; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Attention; Behavior; Callithrix; Callithrix jacchus jacchus; Code; Complex; Cues; Electroencephalography; Evaluation; Exhibits; Eye; Eye Movements; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Genetic study; Human; Image; Impairment; Link; Location; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Monkeys; Motion; Motor; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurons; Noise; Parietal; Perception; Peripheral; Population; Primates; Property; Research; Resolution; Rodent Model; Role; Saccades; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Silicon; Slide; Stimulus; Surface; Testing; Time; Vision; Visual; Visual Acuity; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception; Work; area MT; area V1; area striata; attentional modulation; autism spectrum disorder; base; cognitive process; density; expectation; experimental study; feature selection; fovea centralis; human disease; human model; improved; nervous system disorder; neural circuit; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; novel; optogenetics; rapid eye movement; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; selective attention; sensory cortex; tool; virtual; visual information; visual processing

Project Summary Human vision relies on rapid eye movements called saccades that occur a few times every second. These saccades bring peripherally identified objects to the fovea for high resolution inspection. This split-second sampling of the world defines the perception-action cycle of natural vision and profoundly impacts perception. While much is known about the neural mechanisms involved in the onset of this cycle, how targets are selected before saccades, virtually nothing is known about how pre-saccadic representations would impact processing of post-saccadic information about targets that now appear at the fovea. The proposed research addresses fundamental questions about how pre- and post-saccadic visual information are combined across saccades to maximize information for attended targets. Experiments will be performed in the common marmoset, a New World primate whose smooth cortex affords advantages for recording with high-density silicon arrays across cortical representations and in the longer term for imaging and optogenetic manipulation of large scale neural circuits. In Aim 1, we will test if pre-saccadic information is enhanced in early visual cortex to favor higher acuity information that is most relevant to the fovea and thus could provide a “foveal preview” to prime post- saccadic processing. In Aim 2 we test if pre-saccadic enhancement is target specific and involves a selection of target features, such as orientation or motion. In Aim 3 we record from foveal populations in early visual cortex to determine how pre-saccadic selection alters post- saccadic processing, and specifically, if pre-saccadic feature selection of the target biases processing to favor the continued selection of the target at the fovea based on increasing gain for its features. This research will provide the first evaluation at the level of single neurons and neural codes of post-saccadic foveal enhancement and the role of pre-saccadic target selection. This has broader impacts for understanding attention under natural viewing conditions where the eyes parse visual scenes, and more generally, for how sensory-motor predictions influence visual perception.

项目摘要 人类的视野依赖于几次发生几次扫视的快速眼动。 第二。这些扫视使外围鉴定的物体带到了Fovea以进行高分辨率 检查。世界的这种分裂抽样定义了自然的感知效果周期 愿景和深刻影响感知。虽然对神经机制知之甚少 参与本周期的开始，如何在扫视之前选择目标，几乎没有什么是 了解前校准表示将如何影响后accadic的处理 有关目前出现在Fovea的目标的信息。拟议的研究讲话 关于如何结合使用前后视觉信息的基本问题 跨扫视以最大程度地提高信息的信息。实验将在 普通的果酱，一种新世界的灵长类动物，其光滑的皮层为 跨皮质表示的高密度硅阵列记录，从长远来看 用于对大规模神经回路的成像和光遗传操作。在AIM 1中，我们将测试是否 在早期视觉皮层中增强了学前信息，以支持更高的敏锐信息 这与Fovea最相关，因此可以提供“中央凹预览”，以便于 Saccadic处理。在AIM 2中，我们测试前检查是否特定目标，并且 涉及选择目标特征，例如方向或运动。在AIM 3中，我们从 早期视觉皮层中的凹起种群，以确定学前选择如何改变 - SACCADIC处理，具体来说，如果目标偏差的前学特征选择 处理基于增加的增益，以促进中央凹的目标的持续选择 为了它的功能。这项研究将在单个神经元的水平上提供第一次评估， 神经后动脉粥样硬化增强的神经法规和萨卡德靶靶标的作用。 这对理解自然观看条件下的注意力具有更大的影响 眼睛的视觉场景，更普遍地说明感觉运动预测如何影响 视觉感知。