Leveraging cell phone location data to measure interactions with the food environment and associated health outcomes

项目摘要 不健康的饮食是几种慢性病的关键行为风险因素，特别是2型糖尿病。 心血管疾病，还有一些癌症。饮食的长期措施通常是自我报告的，并受到 已知的误差和偏差来源。一个公认的人群水平的饮食决定因素是获得和使用 食品零售业，特别是在快餐店或快餐店消费外出食品(FAFH)。 目前，在卫生研究中很少有方法客观地测量FAFH的长期模式或 了解构建环境如何塑造这些行为。然而，智能手机的普遍使用提供了 这是一个解决这些问题的新机会。我们将使用谷歌位置历史时间线(GTL)数据， 其中包括在搭载谷歌应用的智能手机上被动收集的高分辨率地理位置数据， 制定食品零售商长期使用模式的新措施，特别是使用FAFH网点。我们 将使用华盛顿州双胞胎登记处500名成年人的数据，这些成年人正在为 另一项由NIH资助的关于建筑环境和积极旅行的研究(R21 ES031226-01A1)。这些数据包括 从2012年到现在的每日时间-活动模式。我们将对照客观措施对这些措施进行评估 一组双胞胎的同期食物渠道利用率和详细的饮食摄取措施 以前完成的其他调查，包括食物频率问卷和旅行日记。最后，我们 将衡量FAFH使用的指标如何与健康结果相关，特别是体重状况、体重变化和 自评总体健康状况，包括横向和纵向。食物获取行为的新衡量标准 与饮食和健康相关的结果可用于流行病学研究和推进该领域的构建 环境对人类健康的影响。

Project Summary Unhealthy diet is a key behavioral risk factor for several chronic diseases, particularly type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers. Long-term measures of diet are typically self-reported and subject to known sources of error and bias. A recognized population-level determinant of diet is access to and use of food retailing, particularly consuming food away from home (FAFH) from quick-service or “fast food” outlets. Currently, there are few methods to objectively measure long-term patterns of FAFH in health research or to understand how built environments shape these behaviors. However, the pervasive use of smartphones provides an emerging opportunity to address these questions. We will use Google Location History Timeline (GTL) data, which includes high-resolution geographic location data collected passively on smartphones with Google Apps, to develop new measures of long-term patterns of food retailer utilization, especially use of FAFH outlets. We will use data from 500 adults from the Washington State Twin Registry who are contributing their GTL data for another NIH-funded study on built environments and active travel (R21 ES031226-01A1). These data include daily time-activity patterns from 2012 to present. We will evaluate these measures against objective measures of contemporaneous food outlet utilization and detailed dietary intake measures in a subset of twins who have previously completed additional surveys, including food frequency questionnaires and travel diaries. Finally, we will measure how metrics of FAFH use relate to health outcomes, particularly weight status, weight change, and self-rated overall health, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. New measures of food access behaviors associated with diet and health outcomes can be used in epidemiological research and advance the field of built environment influences on human health.