Brain substrates for cardiovascular stress physiology

项目摘要/摘要 候选人的长期目标是成为一名独立的研究员，专注于 将心理压力与心血管疾病(CVD)联系起来。急性呼吸窘迫综合征生物学反应的个体差异 心理应激已被证明可以预测心血管疾病的亚临床和临床标记物的风险，表明变异 压力反应的变化与可测量的健康结果有关。拟议的研究和职业发展计划将 使候选人能够明确地解决心血管应激生理学方面的公开和机械性问题 多维方法。目前这个项目的总体目标是确定“脑-心血管”通路 新陈代谢过度的心血管对压力的反应。中心假设是新陈代谢过度 心血管对压力的反应是由于与心血管相关的区域大脑激活增加引起的 自主控制。此外，候选人将测试通过神经调节改变大脑功能是否会 下游心血管反应。建议进行两项独立研究。在目标1中，我们将重新审视 用横断面方法研究代谢过度的心血管反应和神经反应之间的关系。在……里面 目的2，我们将测量神经调节前后应激源诱发的代谢和心血管反应。 实验方法。参与者将从事一种新的、非侵入性的神经调节技术，即经颅红外 激光刺激(TILs)，已知通过增加氧气来改变大脑，将与现有的 控制力。这项研究计划将帮助应聘者培养职业发展的基本技能，包括 心血管和代谢测试、机器学习和功能磁共振交叉验证方法 影像分析，并利用神经调节技术，TILS。被推荐的指导型研究科学家 发展奖将提供5年的培训，通过研究、课堂经验和 指导候选人为科学独立做准备。具体地说，候选人将获得 在测量代谢活动方面的专业知识，提高她的计算神经成像分析技能，精通 实验性地操纵大脑功能，并发展必要的统计技能。该项目汇集了一个 指导各自领域的专家团队，为应聘者提供继续从事 为心血管行为医学领域做出变革性贡献的轨迹。这个项目将 提供有关心理压力和心血管疾病风险之间途径的重要信息，同时 为应聘者的进一步职业生涯提供培训和指导。

Project Summary/Abstract The candidate’s long-term goal is to become an independent investigator focused on the neurophysiological pathways that link psychological stress with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Individual differences in biological responses to acute psychological stress have been shown to predict risk for subclinical and clinical markers of CVD, indicating that variation in the stress response relates to measurable health outcomes. The proposed research and career development program will position the candidate to definitively address open and mechanistic questions on cardiovascular stress physiology with a multi-dimensional approach. The overall objective of the current project is to identify the ‘brain–cardiovascular’ pathways of metabolically excessive cardiovascular responses to stress. The central hypothesis is that metabolically excessive cardiovascular responses to stress are caused by increased brain activation in areas associated with cardiovascular and autonomic control. In extension, the candidate will test whether altering brain function via neuromodulation will regulate downstream cardiovascular responses. Proposed are two independent studies. In Aim 1, we will newly examine the relationship between metabolically excessive cardiovascular and neural responses using a cross-sectional approach. In Aim 2, we will measure stressor-evoked metabolic and cardiovascular responses before and after neuromodulation in an experimental approach. Participants will engage in a novel, non-invasive neuromodulation technique, transcranial infrared laser stimulation (TILS), known to alter the brain by increasing oxygenation, and will be compared to an established control. This research plan will help the candidate develop essential skills for career development including cardiovascular and metabolic testing, machine learning and cross-validation methods for functional magnetic resonance imaging analyses, and utilizing a neuromodulation technique, TILS. The proposed Mentored Research Scientist Development Award will provide 5 years of training through a combination of research, classroom experiences, and mentoring to further the candidate in preparation for scientific independence. Specifically, the candidate will gain expertise in measuring metabolic activity, advance her computational neuroimaging analysis skills, become proficient in experimentally manipulating brain function, and develop necessary statistical skills. The project brings together a mentoring team of experts in their respective areas to provide the candidate with the necessary skills to continue on the trajectory to make a transformative contribution to the field of Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine. This project will provide vital information regarding the pathways between psychological stress and CVD risk while at the same time providing training and mentoring for the candidate’s further career.