Investigating Latinx populations’ attitudes, perceptions, and use of genomic testing

调查拉丁裔人群的态度、看法和基因组测试的使用

• 批准号: 10464378
• 负责人: Daniel Chavez-Yenter
• 金额: $ 3.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-16 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10464378
• 关键词: Achievement; Address; Area; Attitude; Behavioral; Behavioral Model; Benefits and Risks; Black Populations; Caring; Chemoprevention; Cohort Studies; Communication; Communication Research; Communities; Diffusion; Equation; Ethnic group; Gender; Genetic; Genetic Research; Genomic medicine; Genomics; Goals; Grant; Health; Human Genome Project; Influentials; Intention; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Interview; Knowledge; Latino; Latinx; Latinx population; Malignant Neoplasms; Medical; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; National Human Genome Research Institute; Neonatal Screening; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Phase; Population; Positioning Attribute; Predictive Factor; Prevention; Privacy; Provider; Public Health; Race; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Sampling; Scholarship; Site; Strategic Planning; Surveys; Technology; Testing; Training; Translating; Translational Research; Underrepresented Populations; Underserved Population; Work; base; cancer genetics; cancer predisposition; carrier testing; community based research; design; ethnic minority; experience; genetic testing; health equity; health inequalities; hereditary risk; implementation intervention; improved; innovation; interest; novel; programs; racial minority; racial minority population; screening guidelines; social health determinants; translational approach; underserved community

PROJECT SUMMARY Genomic medicine has transformed prevention, care, and targeted medical regiments through the milestone achievements of Human Genome Project and the advent of genetic testing for health purposes. Germline genetic testing focused on hereditary risk, the focus of this proposal, can include various types and purposeful testing like carrier screening, newborn screening, and cancer predisposition testing, etc. This tests have already enabled genetic providers to improve health outcomes for many with increased screening recommendations, prevention efforts (chemoprevention), and behavioral change recommendations. However, the diffusion of genetic testing for underserved groups, specifically Latinx (gender neutral use of Latino/a/e) groups, remains a major challenge. Despite a strong interest in using genetic testing, there remains a dearth of research on facilitating and barrier factors for Latinx populations. Thus, the goal of this proposal is to empirically examine Latinx individuals' experiences with genetic testing, their attitudes, and identify perceived facilitators and barriers to testing. In particular, I will characterize salient attitudes, facilitators, and barriers of Latinx individuals towards genetic testing for health purposes using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design (Aim 1). The first phase of the study (Aim 1A) will characterize salient attitudes, facilitators, and barriers of 20 Latinx individuals towards genetic testing for health purposes using semistructured elicitation interviews. The sample will be stratified by previous experience with genetic testing, and those who have not tested as was to better characterize attitudes, facilitators and barriers that differ between these groups. Interviews will center on questions of attitudes, perceived norms, and personal agency inclusive of facilitators and barriers. Results will then guide the next phase of the research (Aim 1B). In this phase, I will examine the associations of attitudes, facilitators, and barriers with intentions related to carrier screening and cancer predisposition testing for a Latinx population. Specifically, using wording from interviews, I will design a survey focused on attitudes, facilitators, and barriers and administer the survey on a Qualtrics Panels with 500 Latinx individuals. Using Structural Equation Modeling, I will then test the associations between attitude, facilitators, and barrier factors with behavioral intention to both carrier screening and cancer predisposition testing to determine which may be the best factors for intervention. Building upon the F99 results, in the postdoctoral phase I will utilize findings about attitudes, facilitators, and barriers to develop translational intervention research to engage Latinx populations in genetic testing (Aim 2). The goal of my postdoctoral research training developing culturally appropriate communication strategies to improve genetics engagement for Latinx populations. Through a more robust understanding of attitudes, facilitators, and barriers can genomic researchers better engage with Latinx populations and therein reduce health inequities within genomics.

项目摘要 基因组医学通过里程碑改变了预防，护理和有针对性的医疗团 人类基因组项目的成就和出于健康目的的基因检测的出现。种系 该提案的重点集中于遗传风险的基因测试可能包括各种类型和有目的的 诸如携带者筛查，新生儿筛查和癌症易感性测试等测试等。该测试具有 随着筛查的增加，已经使遗传提供者能够改善许多人的健康状况 建议，预防工作（化学预防）和行为改变建议。然而， 遗传测试的扩散量不足，特别是拉丁人（性别中性使用拉丁裔/A/E） 团体仍然是一个重大挑战。尽管对使用基因检测有浓厚的兴趣，但仍缺乏 关于拉丁人种群的促进和障碍因素的研究。因此，该提议的目标是 凭经验检查拉丁裔个体在基因检测，态度的经历，并确定感知到的 促进者和测试障碍。特别是，我将表征显着的态度，促进者和障碍 使用顺序解释的混合方法，拉丁人对健康目的进行基因检测 设计（目标1）。研究的第一阶段（AIM 1A）将表征显着的态度，促进者和 使用半结构化启发的20个拉丁人的障碍，以进行健康目的进行基因检测 访谈。样本将根据以前的基因检测经验进行分层，而那些没有 经过测试，以更好地表征这些群体之间不同的态度，促进者和障碍。 访谈将集中于态度，感知规范和个人代理的问题，包括促进者 和障碍。然后，结果将指导下一阶段研究（AIM 1B）。在此阶段，我将研究 与携带者筛查和癌症有关的态度，促进者和障碍的关联 拉丁人种群的易感性测试。具体来说，使用访谈中的措辞，我将设计一项调查 专注于态度，促进者和障碍，并在Qualtrics面板上进行调查，其中有500个Latinx 个人。然后，我将使用结构方程建模，然后测试态度，促进者之间的关联， 以及具有行为意图的障碍因素，既可以筛查和癌症易感性测试 确定哪个可能是干预的最佳因素。基于F99的结果，在博士后 第一阶段将利用有关态度，促进者和障碍的发现来开发翻译干预 研究吸引拉丁人种群参与基因检测（AIM 2）。我的博士后研究培训的目标 制定适当的文化沟通策略，以改善拉丁裔的遗传学参与 人群。通过对态度，促进因子和障碍的更强烈的理解可以基因组 研究人员更好地参与了拉丁人群，其中减少了基因组学内部的健康不平等。