Occupational transitions across the lifecourse and dementia risk: evaluating unemployment, occupational complexity using sequence analysis

生命历程中的职业转变和痴呆风险：使用序列分析评估失业、职业复杂性

• 批准号: 10468988
• 负责人: Anusha Murthy Vable
• 金额: $ 78.91万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-15 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10468988
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Alzheimer' s Disease; American; Behavioral; Calibration; Cause of Death; Censuses; Characteristics; Classification; Code; Cognitive; Computers; Data; Data Set; Dementia; Diagnosis; Dictionary; Digit structure; Disease; Education; Elderly; Employment; Etiology; Gender; Geography; Goals; Health; Health and Retirement Study; Impaired cognition; Incidence; Income; Individual; Information Networks; Information Services; Intervention; Job loss; Life Experience; Literature; Maternity leave; Methodology; Modification; National Longitudinal Survey of Youth; Nature; Occupational; Occupations; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Population; Process; Publishing; Race; Research; Respondent; Risk Factors; Scholarship; Sequence Analysis; Social Environment; Social Network; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Unemployment; United States; Work; base; career; cohort; data harmonization; dementia risk; disorder risk; experience; instrument; longitudinal database; middle age; novel; panel study of income dynamics; population based; response; social; social determinants; sociodemographic factors; spelling; theories

PROJECT ABSTRACT Dementia is typically diagnosed in late life, however, the disease process begins decades earlier; mid-life experiences such as work are important modifiable predictors of Alzheimer's Disease and related disorders (ADRD). Work is central to the lives of American adults, but the relationship between work, unemployment, and ADRD across the lifecourse has been understudied. This proposal advances the current literature on how occupations influence dementia risk in the United States in two ways: [1] people work from approximately ages 18 – 65, however little research evaluates age when someone has a particular job, job duration, or changes in work experiences across working years; and [2] occupational classification systems used by population-based datasets have changed to reflect the transition from a manufacturing to information and service based economy (with different physical, environmental, and cognitive demands), however physical, environmental, and cognitive characteristics of work have not been systematically applied to these shifting occupational classification systems. In this proposal, we will evaluate lifecourse work trajectories and ADRD risk through novel applications of sequence analysis, and construct a longitudinal database of physical, environmental, and cognitive demands of work to catalyze research on lifecourse work trajectories and ADRD risk. We will leverage the strengths of three large, longitudinal U.S. cohorts to evaluate the relationships between lifecourse work trajectories and ADRD risk: The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 cohort (NLSY), the Panel Study of Income Dynamic (PSID), and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Our research team has previously published using sequence analysis, and previously used all three datasets, demonstrating the feasibility of our proposed project. Work is a modifiable social risk factor that spans decades; a better understanding of work trajectories and features will help identify employment interventions to slow cognitive decline and reduce ADRD disparities.

项目摘要 痴呆症通常在晚年被诊断出来，然而，疾病过程在几十年前就开始了;中年 工作等经历是阿尔茨海默病及相关疾病的重要可变预测因子 （ADRD）.工作是美国成年人生活的中心，但工作、失业和失业之间的关系， 整个生命过程中的ADRD尚未得到充分研究。这一建议推进了目前关于如何 在美国，职业对痴呆症风险的影响有两种方式：[1]人们从大约30岁开始工作， 18 - 65岁，然而很少有研究评估年龄时，有人有一个特定的工作，工作时间，或变化， 跨工作年限的工作经验;[2]基于人口的职业分类系统 数据集已发生变化，以反映从制造业向信息和服务型经济的转变 (with不同的身体、环境和认知需求），然而， 工作的特点没有系统地适用于这些不断变化的职业分类制度。 在本提案中，我们将通过以下新应用评估生命周期工作轨迹和ADRD风险： 序列分析，并构建一个纵向数据库的物理，环境和认知需求的 致力于促进对生命周期工作轨迹和ADRD风险的研究。我们将利用三个方面的优势， 大型纵向美国队列，以评估生命周期工作轨迹与ADRD风险之间的关系： 全国青年纵向调查，1979年队列（NLSY），收入动态小组研究（PSID）， 健康与退休研究（HRS）我们的研究团队先前发表了使用序列 分析，以前使用所有三个数据集，证明了我们提出的项目的可行性。工作是一 可改变的社会风险因素，跨越几十年;更好地了解工作轨迹和特点， 帮助确定就业干预措施，以减缓认知能力下降并减少ADRD差异。