Occupational transitions across the lifecourse and dementia risk: evaluating unemployment, occupational complexity using sequence analysis

项目摘要 痴呆症通常在晚年被诊断出来，然而，疾病过程早几十年就开始了；中年 工作等经历是阿尔茨海默病和相关疾病的重要可修改预测因素 (ADRD)。工作是美国成年人生活的中心，但工作、失业和失业之间的关系 整个生命过程中的ADRD一直没有得到充分的研究。这一提议推进了当前关于如何 在美国，职业对痴呆症风险的影响有两个方面：[1]人们的工作年龄大致相同 然而，很少有研究评估一个人在从事特定工作、工作时间或变化时的年龄 跨工作年限的工作经验；[2]基于人口的职业分类系统 数据集已更改，以反映从制造业向以信息和服务为基础的经济的过渡 (具有不同的物理、环境和认知需求)，然而，物理、环境和认知 这些轮班职业分类系统没有系统地适用工作特点。 在本提案中，我们将通过以下新应用来评估生命周期工作轨迹和ADRD风险 序列分析，并构建一个关于物理、环境和认知需求的纵向数据库 努力促进对生命周期工作轨迹和ADRD风险的研究。我们将利用三大优势 评估生命周期工作轨迹和ADRD风险之间关系的大型纵向美国队列： 1979年全国青年纵向调查(NLSY)，收入动态小组研究(PSID)， 和健康与退休研究(HRS)。我们的研究团队之前曾使用序列发表过 分析，并以前使用了所有三个数据集，证明了我们提议的项目的可行性。工作是一种 跨越数十年的可更改的社会风险因素；更好地了解工作轨迹和功能将 帮助确定就业干预措施，以减缓认知衰退和减少ADRD差异。

PROJECT ABSTRACT Dementia is typically diagnosed in late life, however, the disease process begins decades earlier; mid-life experiences such as work are important modifiable predictors of Alzheimer's Disease and related disorders (ADRD). Work is central to the lives of American adults, but the relationship between work, unemployment, and ADRD across the lifecourse has been understudied. This proposal advances the current literature on how occupations influence dementia risk in the United States in two ways: [1] people work from approximately ages 18 – 65, however little research evaluates age when someone has a particular job, job duration, or changes in work experiences across working years; and [2] occupational classification systems used by population-based datasets have changed to reflect the transition from a manufacturing to information and service based economy (with different physical, environmental, and cognitive demands), however physical, environmental, and cognitive characteristics of work have not been systematically applied to these shifting occupational classification systems. In this proposal, we will evaluate lifecourse work trajectories and ADRD risk through novel applications of sequence analysis, and construct a longitudinal database of physical, environmental, and cognitive demands of work to catalyze research on lifecourse work trajectories and ADRD risk. We will leverage the strengths of three large, longitudinal U.S. cohorts to evaluate the relationships between lifecourse work trajectories and ADRD risk: The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 cohort (NLSY), the Panel Study of Income Dynamic (PSID), and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Our research team has previously published using sequence analysis, and previously used all three datasets, demonstrating the feasibility of our proposed project. Work is a modifiable social risk factor that spans decades; a better understanding of work trajectories and features will help identify employment interventions to slow cognitive decline and reduce ADRD disparities.