Cross-kingdom RNA communications between plant and fungal pathogens

植物和真菌病原体之间的跨界RNA通讯

• 批准号: 10468983
• 负责人: Hailing Jin
• 金额: $ 37.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-15 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10468983
• 关键词: Address; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Arabidopsis; Biochemical; Biological Models; Botrytis; Cells; Communication; Disease; Exposure to; Gene Silencing; Genes; Genetic; Genomics; Health; Host Defense; Human; Immune response; Immunity; Industrial fungicide; Infection; Mammals; Messenger RNA; Modeling; Molds; Molecular Biology; Parasites; Plants; Production; RNA; RNA Interference; RNA Transport; Small RNA; System; Travel; Untranslated RNA; Vesicle; Virulence; base; design; disorder control; extracellular vesicles; infancy; innovation; insight; pathogen; pathogenic fungus; pathogenic microbe; uptake

SUMMARY Fungal pathogens infect humans, animals, and plants and cause severe consequences on global human health and crop production. Communication between hosts and pathogens is essential for host defense and pathogen virulence, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Previous studies in my lab discovered that some non-coding regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs) from fungal pathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea, which causes grey mold disease on more than 1000 plant species, can be transported into host plant cells and suppress host immunity genes, a mechanism called “Cross-Kingdom RNAi”. Recently, we discovered that such sRNA communication is bi-directional. Plant hosts have also developed the ability to deliver sRNAs, mainly using extracellular vesicles, to fungal cells and induce cross-kingdom RNAi of fungal virulence-related genes. Such sRNA communication was also observed between mammals and parasites. Although more and more studies across diverse systems demonstrate that mobile sRNAs are key regulatory molecules in host and pathogen interactions, the field of cross-kingdom/cross-species RNA communication is still in its infancy. This proposal is designed to use plant Arabidopsis and fungal pathogen Botrytis as a model system to address the outstanding questions in this field, including, how host cells control sRNA transport upon infection, how specific classes of small RNAs are sorted into extracellular vesicles, how fungal cells deliver sRNAs into host cells, what are the mechanisms of RNA and vesicle uptake in the host cells and fungal cells, and whether other classes of RNAs, such as mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, move between host and fungal cells, how they function in the counter party, etc.. A combination of genetics, genomics, biochemical and molecular biology approaches will be used. This project is expected to provide unprecedented insight into the underlying mechanisms of cross-kingdom/cross-species RNA communications, which will ultimately help develop innovative and eco-friendly disease control strategies and RNA-based fungicides or antifungal drugs.

概括 真菌病原体感染人类、动物和植物，并对人类造成严重后果 全球人类健康和作物生产。宿主与病原体之间的通讯是 对于宿主防御和病原体毒力至关重要，但其潜在机制并不重要 很好理解。我实验室之前的研究发现，一些非编码监管 来自真菌病原体的小 RNA (sRNA)，例如灰葡萄孢 (Botrytis cinerea)，它会导致灰色 超过 1000 种植物的霉菌病，可以被转运到宿主植物细胞中并 抑制宿主免疫基因，这种机制称为“跨界RNAi”。最近，我们 发现这种 sRNA 通讯是双向的。植物寄主也有 开发了主要使用细胞外囊泡向真菌细胞递送 sRNA 的能力 并诱导真菌毒力相关基因的跨界RNAi。这样的sRNA 还观察到哺乳动物和寄生虫之间的交流。虽然更多和 跨不同系统的更多研究表明，移动 sRNA 是关键的调控 宿主和病原体相互作用中的分子，跨界/跨物种RNA领域 沟通仍处于起步阶段。本提案旨在利用植物拟南芥 和真菌病原体 Botrytis 作为模型系统来解决本研究中的突出问题 领域，包括宿主细胞如何在感染时控制 sRNA 运输、特定类别如何 的小 RNA 被分选到细胞外囊泡中，真菌细胞如何将 sRNA 递送到细胞外囊泡中 宿主细胞，宿主细胞和真菌中RNA和囊泡摄取的机制是什么？ 细胞，以及其他类别的 RNA，例如 mRNA 和长非编码 RNA， 在宿主细胞和真菌细胞之间移动，它们如何在对方细胞中发挥作用，等等。 遗传学、基因组学、生物化学和分子生物学方法的结合 用过的。该项目预计将为底层提供前所未有的洞察力 跨界/跨物种 RNA 通讯机制，最终将 帮助开发创新且环保的疾病控制策略和基于 RNA 的策略 杀菌剂或抗真菌药物。