Structural Adversity and Life-Course Social Determinants of Stress Regulation and Epigenetic Aging in Midlife Adults

项目摘要/摘要 相互交错的结构性条件，包括种族主义和其他压迫制度，造成结构性逆境 这影响了健康和预期寿命，特别是对美国黑人和其他种族主义社区。这个 拟议的混合方法研究将收集新的数据，以补充现有的大量纵向数据 以前在三十多年的关键发展阶段收集的数据来自两个种族，种族和 来自哈莱姆纵向发展研究的社会经济多样性队列和儿童 社区学习。该样本将包括450名黑人、拉丁裔和白人成年人，此前在 儿童期/青春期早期、成年初期、青年时期和中年时期。拟议的研究， 受生态系统理论的现象学变体的启发，将量化和情境化 接触结构性逆境的组合，即个人层面的逆境人生经历 在机构内部和跨机构以及生命过程中的社会背景(例如，污名/歧视、社会经济 不利)和邻里一级的民族-种族不平等，压力调节，表观遗传修改 (即表观年龄)和心理健康(即心理困扰、抑郁、焦虑、创伤后压力、 基于种族的创伤应激)。这将使用四种形式的数据来完成，这些数据将被三角化到 优化结果和解释：调查、生物、定性和美国人口普查数据。拟议的研究 还将包括创新开发和验证一种新的背景下交叉污名工具(ISIC)，该工具 将与现有的污名/歧视措施进行比较和对比。定量调查和 生物数据将有助于全面分析结构性逆境及其 与压力调节、表观遗传衰老和心理健康有关。这些分析将进一步 通过与从研究队列中选择的有目的的样本进行深入访谈来了解背景情况。这个 定性数据将创新性地提供对结构性困境的更深层次的理解和解释 人生历程，包括耻辱/歧视、压力、韧性和其他经常被遗漏的重要经历 通过量化数据，包括过去几代人的背景信息。此外，这项研究将确定 保护因素，可减轻逆境的有害后遗症，从而突出复原力领域 这可以在干预中发挥杠杆作用。总而言之，确定种族主义和相互交错的系统是如何 压迫渗透并复制了体现在个人和邻里层面的社会状况-- 创造结构性逆境-将检查它与生物压力调节、表观遗传学的关联 衰老和心理健康。这将是朝着改变现有政策和制度迈出的关键一步。 实现全民健康最高水平的途径，健康的明确目标 人的主动性。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Intersecting structural conditions, including racism and other systems of oppression create structural adversity that impacts health and life expectancy, especially for Black Americans and other racialized communities. The proposed mixed-methods research will collect new data to complement a wealth of existing longitudinal data previously collected at key developmental stages over more than three decades from two ethnically, racially, and socioeconomically diverse cohorts from the Harlem Longitudinal Development Study and the Children in the Community Study. The sample will consist of 450 Black, Latinx and white adults previously surveyed in childhood/early adolescence, emerging adulthood, young adulthood, and midlife. The proposed research, informed by the Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory, will quantify and contextualize the assocations of exposure to structural adversity, namely individual-level life-course experiences of adversity within and across institutions and social contexts over the life course (e.g., stigma/discrimination, socioeconomic disadvantage) and neighborhood-level ethnic-racial inequality with stress regulation, epigenetic modifications (i.e., epigentic age), and mental health (i.e., psychological distress, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, race-based traumatic stress). This will be accomplished using four forms of data that will be triangulated to optimize results and interpretation: survey, biological, qualitative, and U.S. Census data. The proposed research will also include innovative development and validation of a new Intersectional Stigma in Context tool (ISIC) that will be compared and contrasted with existing stigma/discrimination measures. The quantitative survey and biological data will facilitate comprehensive analysis of racialized differences in structural adversity and its association with stress regulation, epigenetic aging, and mental health. These analyses will be further contextualized through in-depth interviews with a purposive sample selected from the study cohort. The qualitative data will innovatively provide deeper understanding and interpretation of structural adversity over the life course, including stigma/discrimination, stress, resilience, and other salient experiences that are often missed by quantitative data, including contexualized information of past generations. Further, this research will identify protective factors that can mitigate the deleterious sequelae of adversity and thus highlight areas of resilience that can be leveraged in interventions. In conclusion, identifying how racism and intersecting systems of oppression permeate and reproduce social conditions that manifest at the individual and neighborhood levels – creating structural adversity – will be examined for it’s association with biological stress regulation, epigenetic aging, and mental health. This will constitute a crucial step towards changing policies and systems that stand in the way of realizing the attainment of the highest level of health for all people, an explicit goal of the Healthly People initiative.