Music Appreciation after Cochlear Implantation

项目总结 人工耳蜗是一种医疗设备，可以恢复人们的听力， 否则，你就会严重失聪。这些设备通常可以恢复足够的听力，使受试者能够理解 即使在嘈杂的环境中也能说出话来。然而，大多数获奖者对音乐表示不满。这 提案的核心是了解植入者面临的挑战以及他们采用的策略 他们通过这种新的听觉方式来学习欣赏音乐。拟议的研究分为三个目标： 目的1：评价人工耳蜗术后的音乐欣赏特征。建议的研究平衡 耳蜗术后音乐欣赏出现的定性和定量研究 植入。定性方法将包括半结构化访谈和旨在澄清 植入用户在学习用新的听觉欣赏音乐时面临的障碍。 量化方法包括对音乐欣赏和生活质量的调查，以及对 音乐和言语感知。基本假设是，音乐欣赏可以预测以下关键领域 生活质量，包括积极的情感和幸福感，以及对社会角色和活动的满意度。 目的2：确定音调训练是否能提高人工耳蜗人的言语理解能力。建议数 对语音感知的关键特征和音调显著之间的因果关系的研究测试包括 竞争语音中的说话人识别、韵律检测和语音识别。人工耳蜗术者 他们的听力正常的同龄人将参加一项交叉研究，以确定音调训练是否会改善各方面 将音乐和语音感知与用作控制的视觉任务进行比较。主要假设是音调 培训将提高人工耳蜗者的言语理解能力，但不会改善听力正常的同龄人。 目的3：测试人工耳蜗术中基音编码的极限。这项拟议的研究绕过了传统的 声音处理，研究电极位置和刺激率对音高的影响。这两个 刺激线索是向人工耳蜗者提供音调感的主要线索。我们的工作已经完成 显示植入物使用者能够更好地学习使用这些信息来以更好的分辨率听到音调 比之前想象的要好。主要假设是，人工耳蜗使用者有潜在的听到音调的能力 与刺激率有关，但他们需要经验来学习如何听到这一新信息。 在每个目标上，我们都用一种结合了脑电和近距离脑电的创新方法来补充心理物理方法。 红外光谱学。这一结果将证实音乐训练对改善人工耳蜗术后的重要性。 结果，在听力能力和生活质量方面。结果将导致音乐的方式发生变化 编码到植入刺激中，为接受者提供更好的结果。更广泛地说，这个项目将塑造 理解音乐的神经编码及其在创伤经历后社会适应中的作用。

PROJECT SUMMARY Cochlear implants are medical devices that restore a remarkable degree of hearing to people who would otherwise be profoundly deaf. These devices generally restore enough hearing that recipients can understand spoken speech even in noisy environments. However, most recipients express dissatisfaction with music. This proposal centers on understanding the challenges that implant users face and the strategies that they adopt as they learn to appreciate music with this new way of hearing. The proposed research is organized into three aims: Aim 1: Characterize music appreciation after cochlear implantation. The proposed research balances qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the emergence of music appreciation after cochlear implantation. Qualitative methods will include semi-structured interviews and focus groups designed to clarify the obstacles that implant users face as they learn to appreciate music with their new sense of hearing. Quantitative methods include surveys of music appreciation and quality of life, and auditory assessments of music and speech perception. The primary hypothesis is that music appreciation is predictive of key domains of quality of life including positive affect and well-being, and satisfaction with social roles and activities. Aim 2: Determine if pitch training improves cochlear implant speech comprehension. The proposed research tests for a causal relationship between pitch salience and key features of speech perception including talker discrimination, prosody detection, and speech recognition in competing speech. Cochlear implant users and their normal-hearing peers will take part in a crossover study to determine if pitch training improves aspects of music and speech perception compared to a visual task used as a control. The primary hypothesis is that pitch training will improve speech comprehension for cochlear implant users, but not for their normal-hearing peers. Aim 3: Test the limits of pitch coding in cochlear implants. The proposed research bypasses conventional sound processing to study the salience of pitch provided by electrode location and stimulation rate. These two stimulation cues are the primary cues for providing a sense of pitch to cochlear implant users. Our work has shown that implant users are able to learn to use this information to hear pitch with better resolution far better than previously thought. The primary hypothesis is that cochlear implant users have a latent ability to hear pitch associated with stimulation rate, but that they require experience to learn how to hear this new information. In each aim, we compliment psychophysical methods with an innovative approach combining EEG and near- infrared spectroscopy. The results will establish the importance of music training for improving cochlear implant outcomes, both in terms of hearing abilities and quality of life. The results will lead to changes in how music is encoded into implant stimulation, providing better outcomes for recipients. More generally, this project will shape understanding of neural coding of music and its role in social adjustment following traumatic experiences.