Music Appreciation after Cochlear Implantation

项目摘要 耳蜗植入物是一种医疗设备，可以恢复人们的听力， 否则你就彻底聋了这些设备一般恢复足够的听力，接受者可以理解 即使在嘈杂的环境中也能听到语音。然而，大多数接受者对音乐表示不满。这 提案的重点是了解植入用户面临的挑战以及他们作为 他们学会用这种新的听觉方式来欣赏音乐。拟议的研究分为三个目标： 目的1：描述人工耳蜗植入后的音乐欣赏特征。拟议的研究平衡 用定性和定量的方法考察耳蜗植入后音乐欣赏能力的产生 置入定性方法将包括半结构化访谈和焦点小组，旨在澄清 植入用户在学习用新的听觉欣赏音乐时所面临的障碍。 定量方法包括音乐欣赏和生活质量的调查， 音乐和言语感知。主要的假设是，音乐欣赏是预测的关键领域， 生活质量，包括积极的情感和幸福感，以及对社会角色和活动的满意度。 目的2：确定音高训练是否能提高人工耳蜗的言语理解能力。拟议 研究测试音高显著性和语音感知的关键特征之间的因果关系，包括 说话者辨别、韵律检测和竞争语音中的语音识别。人工耳蜗使用者 他们的听力正常的同龄人将参加一项交叉研究，以确定音高训练是否能改善 音乐和言语感知的能力与作为对照的视觉任务相比。主要假设是音高 训练将提高人工耳蜗使用者的语言理解能力，但对听力正常的同龄人则不然。 目的3：测试人工耳蜗中音高编码的极限。这项研究绕过了传统的 声音处理来研究由电极位置和刺激速率提供的音高的显著性。这两 刺激提示是用于向耳蜗植入物用户提供音高感的主要提示。我们的工作 显示植入用户能够学习使用该信息以更好分辨率听到音高 比以前认为的。主要的假设是人工耳蜗使用者有潜在的听音高的能力 与刺激率相关，但他们需要经验来学习如何听到这些新信息。 在每一个目标，我们恭维心理物理学的方法与创新的方法相结合，脑电图和近， 红外光谱法本研究结果将有助于确立音乐训练对改善人工耳蜗植入效果的重要性 结果，无论是在听力能力和生活质量方面。结果将导致音乐如何改变 编码到植入刺激中，为接受者提供更好的结果。更一般地说，这个项目将塑造 理解音乐的神经编码及其在创伤经历后社会适应中的作用。

PROJECT SUMMARY Cochlear implants are medical devices that restore a remarkable degree of hearing to people who would otherwise be profoundly deaf. These devices generally restore enough hearing that recipients can understand spoken speech even in noisy environments. However, most recipients express dissatisfaction with music. This proposal centers on understanding the challenges that implant users face and the strategies that they adopt as they learn to appreciate music with this new way of hearing. The proposed research is organized into three aims: Aim 1: Characterize music appreciation after cochlear implantation. The proposed research balances qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the emergence of music appreciation after cochlear implantation. Qualitative methods will include semi-structured interviews and focus groups designed to clarify the obstacles that implant users face as they learn to appreciate music with their new sense of hearing. Quantitative methods include surveys of music appreciation and quality of life, and auditory assessments of music and speech perception. The primary hypothesis is that music appreciation is predictive of key domains of quality of life including positive affect and well-being, and satisfaction with social roles and activities. Aim 2: Determine if pitch training improves cochlear implant speech comprehension. The proposed research tests for a causal relationship between pitch salience and key features of speech perception including talker discrimination, prosody detection, and speech recognition in competing speech. Cochlear implant users and their normal-hearing peers will take part in a crossover study to determine if pitch training improves aspects of music and speech perception compared to a visual task used as a control. The primary hypothesis is that pitch training will improve speech comprehension for cochlear implant users, but not for their normal-hearing peers. Aim 3: Test the limits of pitch coding in cochlear implants. The proposed research bypasses conventional sound processing to study the salience of pitch provided by electrode location and stimulation rate. These two stimulation cues are the primary cues for providing a sense of pitch to cochlear implant users. Our work has shown that implant users are able to learn to use this information to hear pitch with better resolution far better than previously thought. The primary hypothesis is that cochlear implant users have a latent ability to hear pitch associated with stimulation rate, but that they require experience to learn how to hear this new information. In each aim, we compliment psychophysical methods with an innovative approach combining EEG and near- infrared spectroscopy. The results will establish the importance of music training for improving cochlear implant outcomes, both in terms of hearing abilities and quality of life. The results will lead to changes in how music is encoded into implant stimulation, providing better outcomes for recipients. More generally, this project will shape understanding of neural coding of music and its role in social adjustment following traumatic experiences.