A photoplethysmography sensor-based personalized feedback intervention for heavy-drinking young adults targeting heart rate variability, resting heart rate, and sleep

摘要 年轻人报告的大量饮酒率最高，是预防酒精的优先人群， 干预努力。酒精策略，利用他们的其他健康问题和利用技术， 提供创新的解决方案。采用这种方法，我们进行了移动的睡眠的第一次初步测试 该研究表明，对酗酒的年轻人进行干预，使他们参与治疗，并显示出对饮酒的良好影响。 本初步研究和我们当前的随访研究（R34 AA 026021）的数据产生了新的假设 以及改进这种移动的干预的方向。具体来说，酗酒的年轻人希望 关于他们健康状况的反馈，以及他们如何通过减少饮酒和改善健康状况来改善健康状况。 睡吧因此，为了优化年轻人个性化酒精反馈的有效性，我们建议 将其纳入更全面的健康反馈计划，并将饮酒不仅与睡眠联系起来， 也适用于稳健的非侵入性健康生物标志物-静息心率（RHR）和心率变异性（HRV）， 后者尤其受到大量饮酒和睡眠不足的影响。此外，我们将 采用新型传感器技术，利用光电体积描记术（PPG）进行每日被动采集 可以连接到移动的应用程序以根据这些数据提供反馈的HRV、RHR和睡眠。在 一项关于PPG传感器和集成移动的应用程序的初步研究显示， 酒精使用和睡眠/健康数据的动机，以减少他们的饮酒。PPG技术 需要进一步研究酒精预防和早期干预。目前的建议将进行第一次 通过PPG传感器对针对HRV、RHR和睡眠的反馈/简短建议干预进行对照测试， 电子每日日记，为大量饮酒的年轻人，并将利用上市PPG的好处 传感器和移动的应用程序，OURATM。我们将受试者随机分为：（1）评估（n=30）或（2）反馈 （n=30）。所有受试者将佩戴OURA™并完成6周的每日电子日记，并参加随访- 在第6周和第10周时，接受评估的受试者将仅监测其健康/行为，不会收到 任何健康反馈或建议。反馈中的受试者将监测其健康/行为，并每天接受 来自OURA™应用程序的健康信息以及我们每两周提供的与酒精相关的健康反馈/建议 来自OURA™和日记数据：（1）酒精使用的总结以及饮酒与 OURA™健康生物标志物和（2）根据这些数据量身定制的基于证据的简短酒精和睡眠建议。这 这项研究将产生重要的初步数据，以支持对这种新方法进行更大规模的研究， 年轻人喝酒大量饮酒的年轻人可能非常适合移动的健康反馈 考虑到他们对技术的偏好和不经常饮酒， 寻找

Abstract Young adults report the highest rates of heavy drinking and are a priority population for alcohol prevention and intervention efforts. Alcohol strategies that leverage their other health concerns and utilize technology may offer an innovative solution. Taking this approach, we conducted the first preliminary test of a mobile sleep intervention to engage heavy-drinking young adults in treatment and showed promising effects on drinking. Data from this pilot study and our current follow-up study (R34AA026021) have generated new hypotheses and directions for refinement of this mobile intervention. Specifically, heavy-drinking young adults want feedback about their health status and how they can improve it by reducing their drinking and improving their sleep. Thus, to optimize the effectiveness of personalized alcohol feedback for young adults, we propose to embed it within a more comprehensive health feedback program and connect alcohol use not only to sleep but also to robust, non-invasive health biomarkers – resting heart rate (RHR) and heart rate variability (HRV), with the latter particularly affected by heavy alcohol use and potentially by poor sleep. In addition, we will incorporate new sensor technology that utilizes photoplethysmography (PPG) to obtain daily, passive collection of HRV, RHR, and sleep that can be connected to mobile apps to provide feedback based on these data. In one preliminary study of a PPG sensor and integrated mobile app, users who noted a link between their alcohol use and sleep/health data were motivated to reduce their drinking. Therefore, PPG technology warrants further study for alcohol prevention and early intervention. The current proposal will conduct the first controlled test of a feedback/brief advice intervention targeting HRV, RHR, and sleep via PPG sensors and electronic daily diaries for heavy-drinking young adults and will leverage the benefits of a marketed PPG sensor and mobile app, OURATM. We will randomize subjects to: (1) Assessment (n=30) or (2) Feedback (n=30). All subjects will wear an OURA™ and complete daily electronic diaries for 6 weeks and attend follow- ups at Weeks 6 and 10. Subjects in Assessment will only monitor their health/behaviors and will not receive any health feedback or advice. Subjects in Feedback will monitor their health/behaviors and receive daily health information from the OURA™ app as well as bi-weekly alcohol-related health feedback/advice that we derive from the OURA™ and diary data: (1) summaries of alcohol use and the links between drinking and OURA™ health biomarkers and (2) evidence-based brief alcohol and sleep advice tailored to this data. This study will yield important preliminary data to support a larger investigation of this novel approach with heavy- drinking young adults. Heavy-drinking young adults may be ideally suited for mobile health feedback interventions that incorporate alcohol content given their preference for technology and infrequent alcohol help- seeking.