How infant-directed speech organizes the attentional state of infants

面向婴儿的言语如何组织婴儿的注意力状态

• 批准号: 10478951
• 负责人: Jeremy Isaac Borjon
• 金额: $ 13.97万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10478951
• 关键词: Achievement; Acoustics; Adult; Age; Age-Months; Attention; Behavior; Cardiac; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child Development; Childhood; Cognitive; Collection; Coupled; Data; Deceleration; Development; Emotional; Environment; Eye; Eye Movements; Graph; Head; Hearing; Heart Rate; Human Development; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Infant Behavior; Infant Development; Infant Health; Internet; Intervention; Intuition; Language; Learning; Link; Literature; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Movement; Names; Organism; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Physiological; Play; Process; Property; Research; Risk; Role; Schools; Self-control as a personality trait; Social Interaction; Social support; Speech; Speed; Testing; Time; Toy; Training; Visual; Visual attention; Vocabulary; Voice; base; career; caregiver education; cognitive process; cohort; executive function; falls; gaze; infancy; multimodality; phrases; scaffold; sensor; social; sound; sustained attention; theories; visual tracking; vocalization; wireless

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Social interactions with mature social partners scaffold and support far-reaching developmental outcomes including vocabulary development, school achievement, self-control, and executive functioning. Despite being critical to the healthy and successful development of infants, the mechanisms by which mature social partners can influence development is not clear. An emerging literature suggests caregivers influence infant development by directly influencing the infant’s internal state, including changes in autonomic activity. The proposed research connects the vocalizations of mature social partners with infant autonomic activity and sustained attention, a cognitive milestone highly predictive of individual differences in infant visual attention, self-control, language, and later school achievement. The proposed research is focused on identifying the acoustic features of the social partner’s voice and how those properties influence autonomic state and sustained visual attention to objects in 12- to 24-month old infants, ages when individual differences emerge with predictive consequences. The overarching hypothesis is that the acoustic properties of caregiver voice act on the autonomic state of the infant, supporting sustained visual attention. As such, the proposed studies measure multiple components of infant behavior: eye gaze, body movement, and heart rate, by using methodologies such as head-mounted eye- tracking and an in-house built wireless vest equipped with state-of-the-art sensors in addition to the voice of the mature social partners. Specific Aim 1 (K99) uses an experimental paradigm to manipulate, identify, and link specific acoustic features of heard vocalizations to the autonomic state of infants and to looking duration during active visual exploration of objects in naturalistic play. Specific Aim 2 (R00) will longitudinally measure the development of individual differences in visual attention and object name learning in relation to caregiver vocalizations and their effect on autonomic state. Analyses will examine individual developmental trajectories and the emergence of individual differences in sustained visual attention and name learning in relation to the effects of caregiver vocalization on autonomic state. The proposed research will advance the field by linking the role of in-the-moment measures of caregiver vocalization, to infant gaze and infant autonomic activity to long- term developmental outcomes such as self-regulated attention and learning, providing a potential new path to determining targets for intervention for at-risk infants. In pursuing these research objectives, the applicant will complete a tailored set of scientific and professional development activities that go beyond the applicant’s current training. This will include training in the collection and analysis of large, multimodal, longitudinal data, training in graph theoretic network analysis, and advanced training in the measurement and analysis of sustained attention. Coupled with the applicant’s previous training, this skillset will prepare the applicant to launch an independent research career that is well-grounded in theory, multi-faceted in methodology, interdisciplinary, and with translational implications.

项目概要/摘要 与成熟社会伙伴的社会互动支撑并支持深远的发展成果 包括词汇发展、学业成绩、自我控制和执行功能。尽管是 成熟的社会伙伴的机制对于婴儿的健康和成功发展至关重要 能否影响发展尚不明确。新兴文献表明护理人员影响婴儿发育 通过直接影响婴儿的内部状态，包括自主活动的变化。拟议的研究 将成熟社会伙伴的发声与婴儿自主活动和持续注意力联系起来， 认知里程碑高度预测婴儿视觉注意力、自我控制、语言和能力的个体差异 后来的学业成绩。拟议的研究重点是识别社会的声学特征 伴侣的声音以及这些属性如何影响自主状态和对物体的持续视觉注意力 12 至 24 个月大的婴儿，个体差异出现并产生可预测后果的年龄。这 总体假设是看护者声音的声学特性会影响婴儿的自主状态， 支持持续的视觉注意力。因此，拟议的研究测量了婴儿的多个组成部分 行为：通过使用头戴式眼动仪等方法来测量眼睛注视、身体运动和心率。 除了语音之外，还配备了跟踪和内部内置的无线背心，配备了最先进的传感器 成熟的社会伙伴。具体目标 1 (K99) 使用实验范式来操纵、识别和链接 所听到的发声的特定声学特征与婴儿自主状态和观察持续时间的关系 在自然主义游戏中对物体进行积极的视觉探索。具体目标 2 (R00) 将纵向测量 与照顾者相关的视觉注意力和物体名称学习的个体差异的发展 发声及其对自主状态的影响。分析将检查个人的发展轨迹 以及与持续视觉注意力和名称学习相关的个体差异的出现 护理人员发声对自主状态的影响。拟议的研究将通过联系起来推进该领域 护理人员发声、婴儿凝视和婴儿自主活动等即时测量的作用 术语发展成果，例如自我调节注意力和学习，提供了一条潜在的新途径 确定高危婴儿的干预目标。在追求这些研究目标的过程中，申请人将 完成一套量身定制的科学和专业发展活动，超出申请人当前的水平 训练。这将包括收集和分析大型、多模式、纵向数据的培训、 图论网络分析，以及持续关注的测量和分析方面的高级培训。 结合申请人之前的培训，该技能组合将使申请人为启动独立项目做好准备 理论基础扎实、方法论多方面、跨学科、 翻译意义。