Bioinspired Green Glycolipids as Fugitive Dust Mitigation Agents

项目摘要 环境空气污染是导致发病率和死亡率增加的全球疾病负担的主要因素， 2015年有420万人死亡。矿物粉尘是大气颗粒物总量的一个组成部分 影响全球生物地球化学循环、污染水体和空气质量并影响全球气候。灰尘 呈现物理（即，能见度降低和爆炸性混合物）和健康危害，特别是影响 心血管和呼吸系统健康。采矿几乎在采矿过程的每一步都会产生粉尘： 挖掘、爆破、堆放、破碎、研磨和运输。现代和传统产生的灰尘 已知采矿作业是其他污染物（例如砷和铅）的暴露途径。保护 人类和环境健康的影响，重要的是要开发创新的， 能够减少粉尘排放的环保技术。初步数据显示， 已证明糖脂表面活性剂是有效的粉尘抑制剂，其功效等于或优于目前的 可用的产品。虽然市场上有各种各样的抑尘产品，但其缺点是： 提供新技术可以解决的市场机会：（i）它们通常对机器有腐蚀性，（ii） 它们可能由于有害成分而对人类健康造成潜在风险，以及（iii）它们具有短期 由于保护层的脆弱性很容易受到环境因素的破坏， 例如强风。第一阶段SBIR的总体目标是展示下一阶段的商业潜力。 新一代绿色抑尘技术，将GlycoSurf专有的糖脂表面活性剂与 纤维素聚合物，开发可销售的粉尘抑制制剂，用于两种应用： 不会受到机械干扰，而未经铺砌的运输道路， 扰动第一阶段的目标是双重的。在目标1中，单独和组合的糖脂的独特制剂 与纤维素聚合物组合，将产生适合尾矿的目标性能参数 和未铺设道路的应用。在目标2中，将测试这些制剂的抑尘功效， 抗环境因素，如紫外线辐射，降水和高温。的稳定性 还将通过压缩试验评估糖脂处理对机械破坏的影响。逐步 测试过程将用于开发配方，以达到美国标准所定义的良好空气质量指数。 环境保护局。该项目的成功完成将导致确定 具有市场潜力的候选制剂。这些候选产品将随后进行实地考察。 在第二阶段研究期间进行测试，以证明其在保护环境和人类健康方面的功效。 真实世界的条件。

Project Summary Ambient air pollution is a leading contributor to global disease burden that increases morbidity and mortality, and it accounted for 4.2 million deaths in 2015. Mineral dusts are a constituent of total atmospheric particulate matter that affect global biogeochemical cycles, pollute water bodies and air masses, and impact global climate. Dust presents physical (i.e., reduced visibility and explosive mixtures) and health hazards, particularly affecting cardiovascular and respiratory health. Mining generates dust in virtually every step of the mining process: excavating, blasting, stockpiling, crushing, grinding, and transport. Dust generated from both modern and legacy mining operations is known to be an exposure route for other contaminants (e.g. arsenic and lead). To protect human and environmental health from mining related dusts, it is important to develop innovative, environmentally-compatible technologies capable of mitigating dust emissions. Preliminary data has demonstrated glycolipid surfactants are effective dust suppressants with efficacy equal to or better than currently available products. Though a variety of dust suppression products are commercially available, disadvantages provide market opportunities that new technologies can address: (i) they are often corrosive to machinery, (ii) they can cause potential risks to human health due to hazardous components, and (iii) they have short-term effectiveness due to the fragility of the protection layer that can be easily disrupted by environmental factors, such as strong wind. The overall goal of this Phase I SBIR is to demonstrate the commercial potential for a next generation green dust suppression technology that combines GlycoSurf’s proprietary glycolipid surfactants with cellulose polymers to develop marketable dust suppression formulations for two applications: mine tailings that are not subject to mechanical disturbance and unpaved haul roads that undergo substantial mechanical disturbance. The Phase 1 Aims are two-fold. In Aim 1, unique formulations of glycolipids, alone and in combination with cellulose polymers, will be generated with target performance parameters suitable for tailings and unpaved road applications. In Aim 2, these formulations will be tested for dust suppression efficacy and resistance to environmental factors such as UV radiation, precipitation, and high temperature. The stability of glycolipid treatments will also be assessed against mechanical disruption via compression testing. A step-wise testing process will be used to develop formulations that achieve a Good Air Quality Index as defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Successful completion of this project will result in the identification of candidate formulations with potential for marketability. These candidate products will subsequently undergo field testing during Phase II research to demonstrate their efficacy protecting environmental and human health under real-world conditions.