Bioinspired Green Glycolipids as Fugitive Dust Mitigation Agents

项目摘要 环境空气污染是全球疾病负担的主要贡献者，增加了发病率和死亡率， 2015年，它造成了420万人死亡。矿物粉尘是大气颗粒物总量的组成部分。 影响全球生物地球化学循环，污染水体和气团，影响全球气候。灰尘 存在物理危害(即能见度降低和爆炸性混合物)和健康危害，特别是影响 心血管和呼吸系统健康。采矿过程中几乎每一步都会产生粉尘： 挖掘、爆破、堆积、粉碎、研磨和运输。现代和传统产生的尘埃 众所周知，采矿作业是其他污染物(如砷和铅)的暴露途径。去保护 针对采矿粉尘对人类和环境健康的影响，重要的是开发创新的、 能够减少粉尘排放的环保技术。初步数据显示 已证实的糖脂表面活性剂是有效的抑尘剂，其效果与目前相当或更好 可用的产品。虽然市面上有各种各样的抑尘产品，但缺点是 提供新技术可以解决的市场机会：(I)它们往往对机器具有腐蚀性，(Ii) 它们可能由于有害成分而对人类健康造成潜在风险，以及(Iii)它们具有短期的 有效性由于保护层的脆弱性很容易被环境因素破坏， 比如大风。此第一阶段SBIR的总体目标是展示下一阶段的商业潜力 新一代绿色抑尘技术将GlycoSurf专有糖脂表面活性剂与 用于开发两种应用的市场降尘配方的纤维素聚合物：尾矿 不受机械干扰和经过大量机械处理的未铺设的运输道路的影响 骚乱。第一阶段的目标有两个。在目标1中，糖脂的独特配方，单独和 与纤维素聚合物结合，将产生适用于尾矿的目标性能参数 和未铺设的道路应用。在目标2中，将测试这些配方的抑尘效果和 耐紫外线辐射、降水和高温等环境因素。的稳定性 糖脂治疗也将通过压缩测试来评估机械破坏。循序渐进 测试过程将用于开发达到美国定义的良好空气质量指数的配方。 环境保护局。该项目的成功完成将导致确定 具有市场潜力的候选配方。这些候选产品随后将接受现场测试 在第二阶段研究期间进行测试，以证明其保护环境和人类健康的有效性 真实世界的条件。

Project Summary Ambient air pollution is a leading contributor to global disease burden that increases morbidity and mortality, and it accounted for 4.2 million deaths in 2015. Mineral dusts are a constituent of total atmospheric particulate matter that affect global biogeochemical cycles, pollute water bodies and air masses, and impact global climate. Dust presents physical (i.e., reduced visibility and explosive mixtures) and health hazards, particularly affecting cardiovascular and respiratory health. Mining generates dust in virtually every step of the mining process: excavating, blasting, stockpiling, crushing, grinding, and transport. Dust generated from both modern and legacy mining operations is known to be an exposure route for other contaminants (e.g. arsenic and lead). To protect human and environmental health from mining related dusts, it is important to develop innovative, environmentally-compatible technologies capable of mitigating dust emissions. Preliminary data has demonstrated glycolipid surfactants are effective dust suppressants with efficacy equal to or better than currently available products. Though a variety of dust suppression products are commercially available, disadvantages provide market opportunities that new technologies can address: (i) they are often corrosive to machinery, (ii) they can cause potential risks to human health due to hazardous components, and (iii) they have short-term effectiveness due to the fragility of the protection layer that can be easily disrupted by environmental factors, such as strong wind. The overall goal of this Phase I SBIR is to demonstrate the commercial potential for a next generation green dust suppression technology that combines GlycoSurf’s proprietary glycolipid surfactants with cellulose polymers to develop marketable dust suppression formulations for two applications: mine tailings that are not subject to mechanical disturbance and unpaved haul roads that undergo substantial mechanical disturbance. The Phase 1 Aims are two-fold. In Aim 1, unique formulations of glycolipids, alone and in combination with cellulose polymers, will be generated with target performance parameters suitable for tailings and unpaved road applications. In Aim 2, these formulations will be tested for dust suppression efficacy and resistance to environmental factors such as UV radiation, precipitation, and high temperature. The stability of glycolipid treatments will also be assessed against mechanical disruption via compression testing. A step-wise testing process will be used to develop formulations that achieve a Good Air Quality Index as defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Successful completion of this project will result in the identification of candidate formulations with potential for marketability. These candidate products will subsequently undergo field testing during Phase II research to demonstrate their efficacy protecting environmental and human health under real-world conditions.