The Early Childhood Friendship Project: Testing Key Mechanisms and the Moderating Role of Physiological Reactivity

幼儿友谊项目：测试关键机制和生理反应的调节作用

• 批准号: 10487724
• 负责人: JAMIE M OSTROV
• 金额: $ 69.46万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-31 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10487724
• 关键词: Accounting; Adaptive Behaviors; Address; Aggressive behavior; Area; Arousal; Autonomic nervous system; Behavior; Biological; Biological Factors; Caregivers; Child; Child Behavior; Child Development; Clinical; Competence; Control Groups; Data; Data Set; Development; Early Intervention; Economically Deprived Population; Effectiveness of Interventions; Emotional; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Evidence based program; Fostering; Friendships; Future; Galvanic Skin Response; Gender; Goals; Individual Adjustment; Interpersonal Relations; Intervention; Interview; Literature; Mediating; Mediation; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Nursery Schools; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Physiology; Population; Positioning Attribute; Preschool Child; Prevention; Psychological adjustment; Psychopathology; Race; Randomized; Readiness; Reporting; Research; Research Priority; Role; Sampling; Schools; Sinus Arrhythmia; Skin; Techniques; Testing; Victimization; Work; aged; base; behavior observation; boys; bullying; bullying prevention; cohort; early childhood; early life adversity; efficacy testing; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; field study; follow-up; girls; group intervention; high risk; innovation; intervention effect; intervention program; kindergarten; meetings; peer; peer victimization; policy implication; program dissemination; programs; psychosocial adjustment; respiratory; scale up; skills; social; social disadvantage; social emotional learning; social exclusion; social factors; social skills; teacher; theories; therapy design; time use; treatment effect

This is a multi-method, multiple cohort, RCT for an early childhood school-based intervention designed to decrease multiple subtypes of aggression and peer victimization and facilitate social and emotional learning, which has clear theoretical, educational, clinical, and policy implications. Based on rigorous prior theory and research including extensive preliminary data, we propose to assess the impact of the Early Childhood Friendship Project (ECFP) on changes in aggression/peer victimization subtypes, prosocial behavior, and social and academic competence with a teacher-implemented (with coaching) version of the program. Further, we will examine whether changes in executive functioning, emotion regulation, and hostile attribution biases indirectly account for the program effects. We will test if physiological reactivity (skin conductance and respiratory sinus arrhythmia) serves as moderators of intervention effects. Data will be collected from 600 children (30 randomly assigned preschool classrooms) diverse in SES and race/ethnicity. We will use multiple methods (school-based observations, direct academic assessments, child interviews, physiological reactivity using two tasks, observer, caregiver, and teacher reports) to assess the efficacy of the program, hypothesized mechanisms, and role of physiology as a moderator of intervention effects. The duration of the effects will be tested at both 4 month and 12-month follow-up and will thus demonstrate the impact the program has on children’s school readiness and transition to kindergarten. The current proposal will use time intensive and state-of-the-art techniques for assessing all constructs, which enhances the rigor of the approach. Investigating the effects of a teacher-coaching model of the ECFP provides a critical next step in large-scale dissemination of the program. Additionally, focusing on the role of physiological reactivity is a key goal for clinical child research on the biological embedding of early adversity and its consequences prior to and after the transition to school, which supports the innovation and impact of the proposal. Understanding these mechanisms implicated in the efficacy of the program will enhance our understanding of how to foster wellness and school readiness. The proposed project will provide a rich dataset with opportunities for secondary questions not contingent on the efficacy of the ECFP as well as additional exploratory analyses related to functions of aggression and bullying subtypes. The proposed project is well positioned to advance major “high-priority” initiatives of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Child Development and Behavior Branch): Advancing research on the social, environmental, and biological factors that impact adaptive behavior development and school functioning. In addition, this work is related to NICHD’s “high-priority” research areas such as: psychosocial adjustment for individuals in high-risk environments and school readiness skills in economically and socially disadvantaged children.

这是一个多方法、多队列、随机对照试验的早期儿童学校为基础的干预设计